23.3

Question 1

systematics

Answer 1

the reconstruction and study of evolutionary relationships

Question 1

classification

Answer 1

practice of placing species and groups of species into the taxonomic hierarchy
*monophyletic group
*paraphyletic group
*polyphyletic group
*

Question 2

monophyletic group

Answer 2

includes the most recent common ancestor and all of its descendants

Question 3

paraphyletic group

Answer 3

includes the most recent common ancestor but not all the descendants

Question 4

polyphyletic group

Answer 4

does not contain the most recent common ancestor for all the members in the group

Question 5

systematics and traditional classification do not always agree

Answer 5

taxonomic hierarchies are based on shared traits and should reflect evolutionary relationships

Question 6

phylogenetics is the basis of comparative biology

Answer 6

homologous structures
homoplastic structures

Question 7

homologous structures

Answer 7

derived from the same body part in a common ancestor

Question 8

homoplastic structures

Answer 8

derived from different ancestral sources

Question 9

phylogenies can illustrate convergent evolution

Question 10

phylogenies reveal sequences of evolutionary changes

Question 11

phylogenetics help explain species diversifcation

Answer 11

species richness refers to the number of species per clade

Question 12

phylogenies can illustrate patterns of dispersal

Question 13

phylogenetics and disease evolution

Answer 13

phylogenies are used to study how diseases jump between species