2.3.1 Helminths (Nematodes: Tissue and Blood) Flashcards
Nematodes: Tissue and blood
Infective stage to intermediate host:
Microfilaria
Nematodes: Tissue and blood
Infective stage to Definitive Host:
Filariform larva (L3)
Nematodes: Tissue and blood
Diagnostic stage:
Microfilaria
Nematodes: Tissue and blood
Adult worms spp. that are found in Lymphatics?
Wuchereria and Brugia (Both mosquito)
Nematodes: Tissue and blood
Adult worms spp. that are found in Subcutaneous tissues?
Loa loa and Onchocerca
Intermediate host for Wuchereria and Brugia
Anopheles
Other IH for nematodes in tissue and Blood:
Aedes, Culex
Mansonia
Chrysops
Tabanid
Mango fly
Simulian black fly
Cyclops (Crustaceans)
Life cycle of Microfilaria
Microfilaria develops into ______ in arthropods which then enters to the skin from a bite then L3 becomes adult in _____
L3 (Filariform larva)
Man
Pathology:
Elephantiasis of LOWER extremities
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
a
Pathology:
Calabar swelling/fugitive syndrome, expatriate syndrome, can be seen in EYES
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
c
Pathology:
River blindness
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
d
Pathology:
Elephantiasis of UPPER extremities
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
b
Vector:
Mansonia Anopheles
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
b
Vector:
Simulian black fly
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
d
Vector:
Chrysops/tabnid/mango fly
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
c
Vector:
Aedes anopheles Culex
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
a
Specimen:
Skin nips, jerky movement microfilaria
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
d
Specimen:
blood
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
a,b,c
Microfilaria:
Sheathed, nuclei continues up to the tip
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
c
Microfilaria:
Unsheathed, no nucleus in tail
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
d
Microfilaria:
Sheathed, 2 separate nuclei in tail
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
b
Microfilaria:
Sheathed, Absent nuclei in tail
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
a
Periodicity:
Non-periodic
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
d
Periodicity:
Nocturnal (10pm -1 am)
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
a
Periodicity:
Diurnal (10 am to 12 pm)
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
c
Periodicity:
Subperiodic nocturnal
a. Wuchereria bancrofti
b. Brugia malayi
c. Loa loa
d. Onchocerca volvulus
b
Also known as Guinea Worm, fiery serpent of Israelites or serpentine worm
Dracunculus medinensis
Infective stage of Dracunculus medinensis?
Larva
MOT of Dracunculus medinensis?
Ingestion of CRUSTACEANs with larva
Final host for Dracunculus medinensis
Dogs, pigs, rats, man
Intermediate host for Dracunculus?
Copepods (Cyclops)
Pathology for D. medinensis is “People with _____________ disease (GWD)
Guinea worm
Complication of D. medinensis includes:
Cellulitis
abscesses
Sepsis
Septic arthritis
Contractures
T or F
T
D. medinensis causes LOCK JAW / _________
Tetanus
Treatment for D. medinensis?
None (Manual removal)
Also known as Canton China
Angiostrongylus cantonensis
What is the common name for Angiostrongylus cantonensis
Rat lung worm
What is the infective stage for Angiostrongylus cantonensis?
L3 (filariform
MOT of Angiostrongylus cantonensis?
Ingestion of Filariform
Final host for Angiostrongylus cantonensis
Rat
Intermediate host for Angiostrngylus cantonensis
a. Copepods
b. Achatina Fulica
c. Achatina canis
d. Achatina brasiliensis
b
Humans are considered wha type of host for Angiostrongylus contanensis
Accidental
Habitat of A. cantonensis in the body
CSF
Diagnostic stage for A. cantonensis?
Larva in CSF
Angiostrongylus cantonensis Morphology:
Male adult: ______ - shaped copulatoru bursa
Female adult Milky white uterine tubules (___________ appearance)
Kidney
Barber’s pole appearance
Angiostrongylus cantonensis Pathology:
Mental retardation, Eosiniphilic meningoencephalitis
T or F
T
Known as the “The Great Imitator” or Trchinal worm
Trichinella spiralis
Infective stage for Trichinella spiralis?
Encysted larvae
MOT for Trichinela spiralis?
Ingestion of encysted larva from raw meet
Final host and intermediate host for Trichinella spiralis?
Dogs, Pigs, Rats, Man
Habitat for Trichinella spiralis:
Larva:
Adult:
Larva: Striated muscle
Adult: Intestine
Dx stage for Trichinella spiralis Encysted larve in __________
Striated muscle
Trichinella spiralis pathology includes:
- Muscle paralysis
- Muscle dystrophy
- Muscle calcification
T or F
T
Eggs or Larva are not routinely recovered in stool and not routinely used to diagnose infection for Trichinalis spiralis
T or F
T
Also known as Dog heart worm
Dirofilaria immitis
Dirofilaria immitis infects:
(Organ)
Dogs:
Human:
Dogs: Heart
Human: Lungs
Human infection for Dirofilaria immitis in the lungs is called?
Coin lesion
