23 - PLACENTA AND CORD

Question 1

is a placenta that has one or more accessory lobes connected to the main placenta by blood vessels.

Answer 1

Placenta Succenturiata

Question 2

the chorion membrane begins at the edge of the placenta and spreads to envelop the fetus; no chorion covers the fetal side of the placenta.

Answer 2

Placenta Circumvallata

Question 3

the fold of chorion reaches just to the edge of the placenta.

Answer 3

Placenta Marginata

Question 4

• cord is inserted marginally rather than centrally

Answer 4

Battledore Placenta

Question 5

the cord, instead of entering the placenta directly, separates into small vessels that reach the placenta by spreading across a fold of amnion.

Answer 5

Velamentous Insertion of the Cord

Question 5

the vessels of a velamentous cord inserted cross the cervical os and therefore deliver before the fetus.

Answer 5

Vasa Previa

Question 6

unusually deep attachment of the placenta to the uterine myometrium, so deep that the placenta will not loosen and deliver.

Answer 6

Placenta Accreta

Question 7

Two-Vessel Cord
Unusual Cord Length

Answer 7

Two-Vessel Cord
Unusual Cord Length

Question 8

the addition of a sterile fluid into the uterus to supplement the amniotic fluid and reduce compression on the cord.

Answer 8

Amnioinfusion

Question 8

PAS

Answer 8

ACCRETA - DEEP
INCRETA - UTERINE MUSCLE
PRECRETA - INVADING THE BLADDER AND SURROUNDING ORGANS

Question 8

occurs when amniotic fluid is forced into an open maternal uterine blood sinus.

Answer 8

Amniotic fluid embolism

Question 8

assisting labor that has started spontaneously but is not effective.

Answer 8

Augmentation of labor

Question 8

he turning of a fetus from a breech to a cephalic position before birth.

Answer 8

EXTERNAL CEPHALIC VERSION

Question 9

a time-honored term to denote sluggishness of contractions, or that the force of labor, is less than usual.

Answer 9

DYSFUNCTIONAL LABOR

Question 9

difficult labor & delivery due to inefficient uterine contractions, fetal size or position or pelvic abnormalities.

Answer 9

DYSTOCIA

Question 10

marked by an increase in resting tone to more than 15 mmHg.

Answer 10

HYPERTONIC UTERINE CONTRACTION

Question 11

the number of contractions is unusually infrequent.

Answer 11

Hypotonic uterine contraction

Question 12

labor is started artificially.

Answer 12

INDUCTION OF LABOR

Question 13

(a posterior pituitary hormone), estrogen, progesterone, and prostaglandins.

Answer 13

OXYTOCIN

Question 14

pregnancies with two or more fetuses.

Answer 14

MULTIPLE GESTATION

Question 15

an unusually deep attachment of the placenta to the uterine myometrium, so deep that the placenta will not loosen and deliver.

Answer 15

PLACENTA ACCRETA

Question 16

fetal side of the placenta is covered to some extent with chorion

Answer 16

PLACENTA CIRCUMVALLATA

Question 17

the cord is inserted marginally rather than centrally.

Answer 17

PLACENTA MARGINATA

Question 18

• a placenta that has one or more accessory lobes connected to the main placenta by blood vessels.

Answer 18

Placenta succenturiata

Question 19

- a loop of the umbilical cord slips down in front of the presenting fetal part.

Answer 19

Umbilical cord prolapse

Question 20

can be predicted from a labor graph if, during the active phase of dilatation, the rate is greater than 5 cm/hr (1 cm every 12 minutes) in a nullipara or 10 cm/hr (1 cm every 6 minutes) in a multipara.

Answer 20

Precipitate labor

Question 21

refers to the uterus turning inside out with either birth of the fetus or delivery of the placenta.

Answer 21

UTERINE INVERSION

Question 22

used on a fetus, if positioned far enough down the birth canal.

Answer 22

Vacuum extraction