2.3 - Leadership and management Flashcards
Management
The practice of achieving an organisation’s objectives by using and controlling the available human and non-human resources of the business in an effective way
5 key functions of management
- Planning
- Organising
- Commanding
- Coordinating
- Controlling
Manager
Someone with decision-making authority within a firm, and has responsibility for problem solving to achieve specific organisational goals
Leadership
The practice of influencing, invigorating and inspiring others to achieve organisational goals
4 key characteristics of a leader
- motivation
- respect
- trust
- loyalty
Leader
Someone who influences and inspires others to get things done
Leader vs. Manager - time and devotion
Leader: 24 hours a day, long-term perspective
Manager: 9-5, short-term perspective
Leader vs. Manager - roles and responsibilities
Leader: broader, what and why questions
Manager: more defined role, how and when questions
Leader vs. Manager - influence on others
Leader: followed through vision and action, focus on emotions
Manager: command by authority, focus on outcomes
Leader vs. Manager - risk-taking
Leader: challenge status quo
Manager: followed rules, keep order and control
Leader vs. Manager - vision
Leader: create culture of hope, suitable in times of change
Manager: abide by procedures and cultures, suitable in stable environment
The 5 leadership styles
Autocratic
Paternalistic
Democratic
Laissez-faire
Situational
Autocartic leader
One that makes all the decisions independently, does not delegate and rather commands people
Suitability of autocratic leader (2)
- unskilled employees
- crisis situation
Drawbacks of autocratic leadership style (3)
- no feedback from employees
- opinions and suggestions are ignored
- poor working relationships = high levels of absenteeism and turnover
Paternalistic leader
Treats their employees as if they were family members, guiding them through a consultation process
Positive attributes of paternalistic leader (2)
- nurturing
- develops workers
Negative attributes of paternalistic leader (2)
controlling
helicopter style leadership (hovering)
Democratic leader
They involve employees in decision making whilst also consulting staff and consider their views which helps develop better morale
Suitability of democratic leader
Situations where the leader is not always present
Drawbacks of democratic leader (name 2)
- decision making is delayed
- timely/costly for large workforce
- not suitable during crisis
Laissez-faire leader
Have minimal direct input and allow staff to make decisions whilst heavily relying on high levels of staff motivation
Suitability of laissez-faire leader
An environment requiring creativity
Drawbacks of laissez-faire leader (name 2)
- time consuming decision making
- delayed execution
- relies on teamwork
- potentially encourages slack
Situational leader
Adapts to circumstances by using the right person and the right leadership style
Factors affecting situational leadership styles (5)
- culture
- leader
- organisation
- task
- subordinates
