2.3 carbohydrates Flashcards
monosaccharides
glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose (one George, Forgot, Garlic, Ramen)
disaccharides
sucrose, lactose, maltose (two Sassy Lady Mice)
polysaccharides
cellulose, starch, glycogen (many Call Strange Girl)
carbohydrates are…
main energy source for the body, organic molecule in which carbon, hydrogen and oxygen bond together.
saturated fatty acid
made of carbon chain with no double bonds, straight chain organic acids with an even number of carbon atoms. (ex; butter, meat fat.)
monounsaturated fatty acid
healthy types of fat (ex; plant-based oils (olive oil, canola oil))
polyunsaturated fatty acid
healthy fats, fats found in plant and animal food such as salmon, vegetable oil, nuts and seeds.
cis fatty acid
occurs naturally, two hydrogen atoms attached to the double bond in the same side of the carob chain.
trans fatty acid
not common in nature, but they form as a result of industrial processes
functions of triglycerides
are lipids (waxy fats) that store unused calories and provides body with energy
cellulose
source from plant, b-glucose, bond 1-4, no branches
glycogen
source from animal, a-glucose, 1-4 & 1-6 bond, has branches
amylose
source from plant, a-glucose, 1-4 bond, no branches
amylopectin
source from plant, a- glucose, 1-4 & 1-6 bonds, has branches.
carbohydrates have…
short-term energy storage, water soluble as monomers
