2.3 Biomolecules Flashcards
Carbon based molecules are?
The foundation of life.
Carbon forms covalent bonds with up to ____ other atoms.
Four
Carbon has ______ electrons in its outermost level. It can potentially form _____ bonds with other elements.
Four, four.
What kind of bonds can carbon form?
Single, double, triple.
Carbon based molecules have three general types of structures:
Straight chain, branched chain, ring.
What is an organic compound?
Any compound that contains carbon.
Monomer?
Many organic compounds us a repeating subunit called a monomer.
Polymer?
When monomers are bonded together, they form a polymer. A polymer is a molecule that contains many monomers bonded together.
4 Categories of biomolecules?
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
Dehydration synthesis?
This reaction joins together two molecules into a longer polymer.
What does dehydration refer to in “dehydration synthesis?”
Dehydration refers to the water molecule that is lost during the reaction.
What does synthesis refer to i “dehydration synthesis?”
Synthesis refers to two molecules combining to form a new one.
What kind of molecule can use dehydration synthesis (reaction)?
Any carbon based molecule.
Hydrolysis Reaction?
Hydrolysis reaction can break apart a long polymer into shorter ones.
What does “lysis” refer to in the word hydrolysis?
The breaking down of a substance.
