2.2.7 Triglycerides

Question 1

What do lipids contain?

Answer 1

Carbon hydrogen and oxygen atoms

Question 2

What are the different types of lipids?

Answer 2

1. Fats and Oils
2. Phospholipids
3. Steroids and waxes

Question 3

What are fatty acids?

Answer 3

Series of acids that contain the carboxyl group (-COOH), which forms the head of the acid molecule. Long hydrocarbons -as tails- (consisting of 15 or 17 carbons) are attached to the carboxyl group

Question 4

Fatty acids that have -C=C- are __________

Answer 4

unsaturated and melt quickly (e.g oils)

Question 5

What are polyunsaturated and monounsaturated?

Answer 5

Polyunsaturated= more than one carbon carbon double bond
Monounsaturated= one carbon carbon double bond

Question 6

Animals fats are usually __________

Answer 6

saturated

Question 7

What are alcohols?

Answer 7

Series of organic molecules which contain the hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom

Question 8

How are triglycerides formed?

Answer 8

When a glycerol molecule reacts with three fatty acids in a condensation reaction (water is removed)

Question 9

State some functions of triglycerides

Answer 9

1. Energy storage - as its highly oxidized during cellular respiration this causes the bonds to break releasing energy to produce ATP
2. The oxidation of the carbon hydrogen releases large number of H2O making it suitable for animals in deserts
3. Insulation
4. Buoyancy- low density
5. Protection

Question 10

why triglycerides are energy reserves

Answer 10

they store more energy per gram due to their hydrocarbon chains