2.2.2 - independent and dependent variables

Question 1

what is an independent variable?

Answer 1

the variable which is manipulated (deliberately and systematically changed) by the researcher

Question 2

what is a dependent variable?

Answer 2

the variable measured by the researcher

Question 3

what does the relationship between the independent and dependent variable tell you?

Answer 3

if the IV is manipulated and there is no change in the DV, it suggests there is no causal relationship
if the IV is manipulated and the DV changes, this suggests the change in the IV caused the change in the DV (causality can be established)