220 Exam 1 Flashcards
As the nurse, you know that the following can cause rhythm disorders: (Select all that apply.) A. Exercise B. Electrolyte imbalances C. Myocardial hypertrophy D. Myocardial damage E. Eating red meat
B. Electrolyte imbalances
C. Myocardial hypertrophy
D. Myocardial damage
As the nurse caring for a patient on a cardiac monitor, you understand which of the following steps are necessary to correctly identify the rhythm? (Select all that apply.)
A. Determine the rate.
B. Determine the regularity.
C. Determine if there is a QRS for every P wave.
D. Determine if there is a P wave for every QRS.
E. Determine if there is a U wave for every QRS.
A. Determine the rate.
B. Determine the regularity.
C. Determine if there is a QRS for every P wave.
D. Determine if there is a P wave for every QRS.
Key patient teaching points for AF include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A. Medications for HR control B. Bleeding precautions C. Signs and symptoms of AF with RVR D. Cardioversion E. Defibrillation
A. Medications for HR control
B. Bleeding precautions
C. Signs and symptoms of AF with RVR
D. Cardioversion
Which of the following is not an appropriate intervention for all atrial dysrhythmias? A. An ECG B. A pulse check C. Blood pressure D. Cardioversion
A. An ECG
B. A pulse check
C. Blood pressure
The nurse understands that rhythms originating in the ventricle have which of the following characteristics? (Select all that apply.) A. Wide QRS complexes B. Narrow QRS complexes C. Only QRS complexes D. Only fast rates E. Only slow rates
A. Wide QRS complexes
C. Only QRS complexes
Which of the following dysrhythmias requires defibrillation? A. Atrial tachycardia B. Atrial fibrillation C. Ventricular tachycardia with a pulse D. Ventricular fibrillation
D. Ventricular fibrillation
Signs or symptoms of symptomatic ventricular dysrhythmias include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) A. Hypotension B. Dizziness C. Fever D. Shortness of breath E. Hypertension
A. Hypotension
B. Dizziness
D. Shortness of breath
The nurse understands that the normal conduction pathway for the heart is which of the following?
A. AV → SA → Ventricles → Purkinje fibers
B. Purkinje fibers → AV → Ventricles → SA
C. SA → AV → Ventricles → Purkinje fibers
D. Ventricles → Purkinje fibers → SA → AV
C. SA → AV → Ventricles → Purkinje fibers
Your patient requires immediate cardioversion, which is defined as which of the following?
A. A controlled electrical shock that is triggered by and fires on the P wave
B. A controlled electrical shock that is triggered by and fires on the R wave
C. A controlled electrical shock that is triggered by and fires on the T wave
D. An electrical shock that fires randomly during the cardiac cycle
B. A controlled electrical shock that is triggered by and fires on the R wave
The nurse understands transcutaneous pacing is necessary for which symptomatic patient? A. Sinus tachycardia B. Sinus rhythm with PACs C. Atrial fibrillation D. Complete heart block
D. Complete heart block
A patient has VF. The nurse understands that the most effective treatment besides CPR is which of the following? A. Antiarrhythmics B. Defibrillation C. Ventilation D. Epinephrine
B. Defibrillation
While educating a patient about AF, the nurse informs the patient that which of following can be symptoms of AF? (Select all that apply.) A. Shortness of breath B. Hypotension C. Weight loss D. Dizziness E. Sweating
A. Shortness of breath
B. Hypotension
D. Dizziness
E. Sweating
The nurse knows the heart's normal conduction system starts where? A. Sinoatrial (SA) node B. Atrioventricular (AV) node C. Bundle of His D. Purkinje fibers
A. Sinoatrial (SA) node
The nurse recognizes the QRS complex represents what?
A. Atrial depolarization
B. Ventricular depolarization
C. Atrial repolarization and ventricular depolarization
D. Atrial depolarization and ventricular repolarization
B. Ventricular depolarization
The nurse recognizes the atrioventricular (AV) node generates electrical impulses at a rate of: A. ≤ 20 bpm B. ≤ 40 bpm C. 40-60 bpm D. 60-100 bpm
C. 40-60 bpm
What is it called when the electrical conduction system is functional, but the heart muscle is not responding with a contraction?
Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)
Treatment of PEA
Chest compressions, epinephrine and treating the underlying causes.
P wave represents
atrial depolarization
QRS complex represents
ventricular depolarization
T wave represents
ventricular repolarization
U wave represents
repolarization of the purkinje fibers (is rarely seen)
PR interval
Is the measure of time that it takes an electrical impulse to depolarize the atria and travel to the ventricles. (0.12-0.20 secs)
QRS interval
Is the measure of time to depolarize the ventricles. (0.06-0.10 secs)
QT interval
Is the measure of time it takes the ventricles to depolarize and then repolarize. (Less than or equal to 0.52secs)
Sinus Bradycardia BPM?
Causes of Sinus Bradycardia?
Symptomatic sinus bradycardia?
Treatment for symptomatic SB?
HR is less than 60pm
Hypoxia and hypothermia.
syncope, chest pain, hypotension, SOB, diaphoresis.
Atropine 0.5mg IV push
Sinus Tachycardia bpm?
Causes of sinus tachycardia?
Treatment of sinus
tachycardia?
HR is greater than 100bpm
Fever, anemia, hypotension, pulmonary embolism and myocardial infarction
Treat the underlying cause. Medications such as beta blockers or calcium channel blockers may be used to control or reduce the HR
