2.2 Water/Metabolism Flashcards
What is metabolism?
a chemical processes that happens within a living organism in order to maintain life. It is the web of all the enzyme-catalysed reactions in a cell.
What is anabolism?
Synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones. when smaller molecules make bigger ones.
What is catabolism?
Breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones. Big ones go into smaller ones.
How do water molecules have dipolarity?
because they are dipoles meaning they have two poles.
What is the specific heat capacity of water?
4.2 j/g/c
What is the latent heat of vapertization of water?
2257 j/g
How does NaCl get transported?
it is soluble in water and is then transported as Na+ and Cl- ions
How does glucose and amino acids get transported?
they are polar so dissolve into plasma membrane and are then transported.
How does oxygen get transported?
since it is not polar it needs haemoglobin to bind with.
How does cholesterol get transported?
it is not polar so is transported in small droplets called lipoproteins.
What is a condensation reaction?
Where two molecules join to form a larger one + water.
What is a sub unit of a condensation reaction called?
Monomer?
What are two monomers joined together called?
dimer
When lots of monomers are joined together?
polymer
What are monosaccharides?
They are sub units for carbohydrates
What are glycerides?
When fatty acids are linked to a glycerol
What is a hydrolysis reaction?
When a large molecule is broken down and water is used up in the process.
Example of a hydrolysis reaction?
Glycerides + water = fatty acids + glycerol
What does hydrogen bonding and Dipolarity explain in water?
The cohesive, adhesive, thermal and solvent properties.
Benefit of the cohesive property of water?
Sucks columns of water to the tops of trees, by tubes called xylem vessels.
Benefit of the adhesive property of water?
Causes water to be drawn out of xylem vessel. keeps cell wall most and exchanging gases
Benefit of the thermal property of water?
allows water to be liquid in most habitats
Benefit of the solvent property of water?
most chemical reactions take place with substances dissolved in water making it a medium for metabolic reactions.
