2.2 The Synthesis and Transport of Proteins iii Movement of Proteins Between Membranes

Question 1

How are proteins transported once in the ER?

Answer 1

Via vesicles

Question 2

What happens to proteins as they move through the Golgi Apparatus?

Answer 2

They undergo post translational modification

Question 3

What is the major modification in the Golgi Apparatus?

Answer 3

The addition of a carbohydrate

Question 4

How do molecules move from the ER to the cell membrane?

Answer 4

Via vesicles which bud off one of the Golgi discs and fuse to the next. (like a ladder)

Question 5

What catalyses the addition of various sugars during the multiple steps that form carbohydrates?

Answer 5

Enzymes

Question 6

Vesicles that leave the Golgi apparatus take proteins to where?

Answer 6

Plasma membrane and lysosomes

Question 7

How do molecules from the ER get to intracellular structures such as the mitochondria?

Answer 7

Once through the Golgi discs, vesicles move along microtubules

Question 8

What is a lysosome?

Answer 8

An organelle which contains digestive enzymes