22 Periodicity Flashcards
What is group 1 called?
Alkali metals
What is group 2 called?
Alkali earth metals
What is group 3 called?
Non- metals
What is the groups in between non- metals and metals called?
Why?
Metalloid
They can behave like metals and non- metals
What is group 7 called?
Halogens
What is group 8 called?
Noble gases
P3
What are the physical properties of Na, Mg, Al
Metallic shinny, conductors of electricity
What is silicone and what is it
Properties?
It is a metalloid
Can conduct electricity to some extent
What element is from. Three reacts with cold water?
Na, Mg, Cl
Describe the equation of sodium and water?
and give formula equation?
Reaction is: vigourous, fizzes rapidly
2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) -> 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
Describe the reaction with magnesium and room temp water?
Give formula equation
Reaction is: slow, with a few bubbles
Mg(s) + 2H2O(l) -> Mg(OH)2(aq) +H2(g)
Why is magnesium a special case in terms of reaction with water?
When Mg reacts with steam
Reaction is: faster
What is the formula reaction between steam and magnesium?
Mg(s) + H2O(g) -> MgO(s) + H2(g)
What element from P3 reacts with oxygen?
All except Ar
Describe the reaction with sodium and oxygen (flame-> solid)
Write, formula equation
Yellow flame -> white sodium oxide
2Na(s) + 1/2O(g) -> Na2O(s)
Describe the reaction between magnesium burn in the air. (flame -> powder)
Write the formula reaction
Reaction: white flame-> white powder, magnesium oxide
2Mg(s) + O2(g) -> 2MgO(s)
What reaction between aluminium and air?
Give the, formula equation
Burns brightly-> white powder
2Al(s) + 3O2(g) -> Al2O3(s)
What is a special property of aluminium when reacted to oxygen?
(Reason for its use)
It is coated with an oxide layer
Protects from further reactions
Write formula reaction of, silicone and oxygen.
Si(s) + O2(g)-> SiO2(s)
What are the different types of phosphorus?
White and red
What is the difference red and white phosphorus?
Red has heated before reacting with oxygen
White will spontaneously ignite in air
What is the formula equation between phosphorus and oxygen in the air?
-Produced phosphorus PENToxide
-What does the PENT in oxide mean?
4P(s) + 5O2(g) -> P4O10(s)
The phosphorus oxidation number
Describe reaction between sulphur and oxygen
producers, sulphur dioxide, gas
Write a formula equation
Blue flame-> colourless, gas
S(s) + O2(g) -> SO2(g)
What are the metals that are ionic bonds with oxygen?
3
NaO, MgO, Al2O3
How does aluminium get distorted by O2?
As O2- approaches, aluminium, small ion the electron charge is distorted adds covalent character
What nonmetals have covalent bonding with oxygen?
Al2O3, SiO2, P4O10, SO3,SO2
What are the 4 oxo-acids?
Describe what happens when you turn the acids into their anion
H3PO4- Phosphoric (V) acid
H2SO4
H2SO3 - sulfurous acid
H it’s taken away O is left with a negative charge with an overall charge in [brackets]
What makes a strong oxo- acid? 3
O
-
Stability
-The more oxygen the stronger it is.
-has more of the ability to ionise
-The anion will more stable
What are bases?
What’s distinguishes bases from alkali basis
Metal oxide/ hydroxide
An alkali bass is soluble in water
What are Na2O, MgO in terms of base alkali base
What is Al2O3, SO2 in terms of base or alkali base
Alkali base soluble the water
Bass insoluble in water
How is OH- made in a chemical reaction?
From a base or alkali base?
Alkali bass
In period 3 what do nonmetals form with water, bases, acid or alkalis?
Acids oxides
Does SiO2 dissolve in water?
No
How to make salt and water?
Alkali base + water
Na2O, MgO
What is a amphoteric oxide?
I don’t mean an oxide that can reacted both acid and alkali
It is treated as a alkali base and a normal base
In P3 what oxides reacts with NaOH?
What does it donate (what element does the product have less of and more of e.g O & H
- SiO2
- P4O10
- SO2
-SO3 - one more O
- one less H
- H2O and salt
