2.2 Peaceful Protests And Their Impact

Question 1

When did campaign concentration begin (campaign c)?

Answer 1

2nd April 1963.

Question 2

Where did campaign c begin?

Answer 2

Birmingham, alabama

Question 3

Why was birmingham alabama targeted in campaign c?

Answer 3

Very racist state, nickname bombingham ,because it bombed black churches , homes and businesses

Question 4

What groups participated in campaign c?

Answer 4

SNCC,SCLC and ACMHR(alabama christian moment for human rights)

Question 5

Who was Eugene ‘bull’ Connor?

Answer 5

A racist chief of police in birmingham . Easily provoked

Question 6

What happened at birmingham?

Answer 6

Arrests, water cannons, dogs and battens dispersing marchers. All of this shown on tv , many sickened by violence

Question 7

What was campaign c?

Answer 7

Direct peaceful protest , putting the protests in volent areas, provoking violence to gain positive publicity

Question 8

Who was the black man pictured being bitten by a dog in birmingham alabama?

Answer 8

Walter Gadsen

Question 9

Why was birmingham significant?

Answer 9

• civil rights protests worked by inviting violence

- state officials and police learnt that violence would garner support for the civil rights movement

Question 10

What was the march on washington?

Answer 10

• march for jobs and freedom
• march outside the white house
• 250,000 people (40000 whites)
• peaceful, good humoured
• live on tv
• MLK ‘ i had a dream speech’

Question 11

Why the march on Washington was significant ?

Answer 11

• size, showed the huge support for the civil rights movement
• who saw it, broadcasted on tv in the us and other countries
• kings speech, gained more support and king was seen as the leader
• the crowd, black and whites together , famous people (bob Dylan ect).

Question 12

When was the march on washington ?

Answer 12

1963

Question 13

When was the freedom summer?

Answer 13

1964

Question 14

What was the freedom summer?

Answer 14

1000 volunteers went to Mississippi to work with local campaigners . Many white college students involved:freedom schools set up , helped many pass voter registration tests. Had the goal of getting as many people as possible signed up to vote

Question 15

How did white Mississippi respond to freedom summers?

Answer 15

• 80 civil rights activists beaten
• burned 37 black churches and 30 black homes
• 1600/17000 registered to vote
• 3 civil rights activists found dead

Question 16

When were the mississippi murders?

Answer 16

1964

Question 17

What were the mississippi murders?

Answer 17

Core workers were murdered by KKK June 1964. Were missing for 6 weeks then the bodies were found.

Question 18

What was JFKs role in the civil rights movement?

Answer 18

• appointed blacks to high level jobs
• pressed changes to laws
• not afraid to intervene in south with executive orders, eg . James meredith case

Question 19

What was LBJs role in the civil rights movment?

Answer 19

• appointed blacks to high level jobs
• civil and voting rights act
• escorted marchers from selma to montgomery

Question 20

What happened when JFK was assassinated?

Answer 20

Killed before could make real changes. Congress limited executive powers

Question 21

What did LBJ and JFK want to do ?

Answer 21

Minimise federal intervention so only got involved in emergency’s

Question 22

What was the civil rights act of 1964?

Answer 22

• signed July 2nd 1964
• banned voter registration discrimination , discrimination in public spaces, businesses and in the workplace
• equal force committee enforced the laws
• stopped funding for discriminatory projects
• schools forced to intergrate

Question 23

Why the civil rights act 1964 was not a success?

Answer 23

• did not abolish social discrimination

- southern states found ways to stop intergation

Question 24

What was the voting situation in selma , alabama in 1965?

Answer 24

1%of blacks were registered to vote

They wanted LBJ to pass voting rights act

Question 25

What was the selma protest ?

Answer 25

Protest march planned to go from selma to Montgomery. 600 protesters set out. They were stopped from crossing edmund pattus bridge by state troopers , with tear gas , cattle prods , clubs.

Question 26

What was the nickname for when selma protesters were attacked and why is it significant?

Answer 26

Bloody Sunday, forced LBJ to send a federal escort from 21-24 march , mlk gave a speech to 25000 people at the end. All of this put pressure to pass civil rights laws.

Question 27

What was the voting rights act 1965?

Answer 27

• one vote registration was introduced and enforced federally
• in all states 50% of those qualified to vote were registered
• 79513 blacks registered.

Question 28

Limitations of the voting rights act?

Answer 28

• very slow process
• federal officials faced opposition
• many blacks thought only reason getting vote was federal intervention, they shouldn’t need the fed. Gov. as they have the right to vote under the constitution.

Question 29

When was the voting rights act?

Answer 29

1965