2.2. Glomerulonephritis - IgA Glomerulonephritis Flashcards
Which type of Glomerulonephritis is the most common type?
IgA Glomerulonephritis
What is the Aetiology of IgA Glomerulonephritis?
This is not known/properly understood.
It is suspected to be due to excessive IgA being produced and present in the Serum.
In which age group does IgA Glomerulonephritis typically occur?
The young
How is IgA Glomerulonephritis described?
Focal Proliferative
How are Proliferative types of Glomerulonephritis characterized?
Excessive numbers of cells (including infiltrating leukocytes) in most of the Glomeruli causing congestion.
What is the pathology of IgA Glomerulonephritis?
- IgA is present in the Serum and is not properly removed by the Glomeruli as it gets “Stuck” within the Mesangium.
- This causes the Mesangium to become clogged with IgA which irritates the Mesangeal Cells
This irritation causes the Mesangeal Cells to proliferate and produce more Martix
What are the Clinical Features of IgA Glomerulonephritis?
- Inter-Current Infection
- Haematuria
- Hypertension
Why might Inter-Current infection be a Feature of IgA Glomerulonephritis?
As this could be the cause of the IgA in the Serum
What are the two types of Haematuria?
- Microscopic
2. Frank (Macroscopic)
Why might Hypertension occur?
This usually does not but can in late stage due to the renal impairment
What investigations are necessary in IgA Glomerulonephritis?
- Blood Tests
- Urinalysis
- Renal Ultrasound
- Renal Biopsy
What is the purpose of the Blood Tests?
- To Exclude other causes of the disease
2. To assess renal function
What Blood Tests will occur?
- Full Blood Count - To exclude other causes
2. Urea, Electrolytes and Creatinine - To assess Renal Function
What is the purpose of the Urinalysis?
To exclude, the more common, UTI
What is the Urinalysis looking for?
1, Haematuria
2. Proteinuria
