2.1. Glomerulonephritis - Post-Infective Nephritis Flashcards
What can Post-Infective Nephritis follow?
- Dermatological Infection
2. Throat Infection
When does Post-Infective Nephritis normally occur?
10-21 days after the infection
What is the most common infective agent?
“Lancefield Group A” Streptococci
How is Post-Infective Nephritis described?
Diffuse proliferative
How are Proliferative types of Glomerulonephritis characterized?
Excessive numbers of cells (including infiltrating leukocytes) in most of the Glomeruli causing congestion.
What are the Clinical Features of Post-Infective Nephritis?
Acute Nephritis:
- Low Urine Volume
- Fluid Retention with Oedema
- Haematuria
- Normal Serum Albumin
- Little Proteinuria
- Hypertension
Why does the Low Urine Volume, Fluid Retention with Oedema, and Hypertension occur?
Due to Renal Impairment
Why does Haematuria occur?
Due to the Podocytes developing large pores
What investigations are required for Post-Infective Nephritis?
- Urinalysis (Urine Dipstick)
- Blood Tests
- Biopsy
What is the Urinalysis (Urine Dipstick) looking for in Post-Infective Nephritis?
- Haematuria - due to excessive loss of erythrocytes
2. Proteinuria
What Blood Tests will occur?
- Serum Creatinine
2. Antistreptolysin O Titre
What is the purpose of the Serum Creatinine investigation in Post-Infective Nephritis?
This is used to assess the renal impairment
What is the purpose of the Antistreptolysin O Titre in Post-Infective Nephritis?
This is used to determine if there has been recent Streptococcal Infection
When is a Biopsy done for Post-Infective Nephritis?
When the Diagnosis is still unsure
What treatment is necessary for Post-Infective Nephritis?
- Antibiotics (Broad Spectrum) - for the infection
- Loop Diuretics - for the Oedema
- Vasodilator Drugs - for the Hypertension
- Immunosuppression - only should be considered in severe cases
