2.2 Carbohydrates Flashcards
what elements are found in carbohydrates
C , H , O
3 uses of carbohydrates
1.Acts as a source of energy (glucose)
2. Acts as a store of energy (Starch & Glycogen)
3. Acts as a structural unit (Cellulose)
What are monosaccharides
Simplest carbohydrates and act as monomer for larger structures
3 monosaccharides
Fructose
Glucose
Galactose
what is the difference between alpha and beta glucose
in alpha glucose on the 1st carbon hydrogen in at the top while OH is at the bottom
What is a dissacharide
Formed when 2 monosaccharides join together by condensation
What does a condensation reaction form
1-4 Glycosidic Bond
A glucose + A glucose
maltose
A glucose + Fructose
sucrose
B Galactose + A glucose
Lactose
B Glucose + B glucose
Cellobiose
What is a polysaccharide
polymers of monosaccharides bonded together using a condensation reaction
Homopolysaccharide
Polysaccharide that’s made from 1 type of monosaccharide
Hetropolysaccharide
polysaccharide that’s made from from different types of monosaccharide
what polymers are starch made from
2 alpha glucose
( Amylopectin , Amylose )