2.2 - Biological Molecules Flashcards
What are Carbohydrates used for?
- Providing Energy
- Chemical Reactions
- Moving Around
What are Lipids used for?
- Providing Energy
- Being Stored as Fat
- Keeping us Warm by Insulating our Body
- Protecting our Organs
What are Proteins used for?
- Growth
- Repairing Damaged Tissues
- Energy in Emergencies (If there is Insufficient Carbs/Lipids).
What is the Difference between Vitamins and Minerals?
- Vitamins are Organic Molecules (Made by Living Organisms).
- Minerals are Inorganic and typically much simpler.
What are Biological Molecules?
- Molecules found in Living Organisms.
- Produced by Cells.
What are the 3 Biological Molecules?
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Lipids
What is the name for Simple Sugars?
Monomers
What do Carbohydrate Monomers join together to form?
Carbohydrate Polymers
What are 2 examples of Carbohydrate Monomers?
- Glucose
- Fructose
What are 2 examples of Carbohydrate Polymers?
- Glycogen
- Starch
What happens if the Chemical Bonds between Monomers in a Polymer are Broken?
The Complex Carbohydrate (Polymer) can be broken down into Simple Carbohydrates (Monomers).
What is Starch broken down into?
Glucose Molecules
How are Complex Carbohydrates broken down?
Enzymes in the Mouth and Small Intestine.
How are Proteins broken down into Amino Acids?
- Enzymes in the Stomach and Small Intestine.
What are the two types of Lipids?
- Fats (Lipid that is a Solid at RT)
- Oils (Lipid that is a Liquid at RT)