2.2 Flashcards
ACS, valvular disorders, heart failure, dyrythmias
when would you use synchronized cardioversion?
unstable a-fib or SVT
what are two shockable rhythms?
v-fib, pulseless v tach
what is the primary nursing goal for all cardiac diseases?
increase cardiac output
what is cardiac tamponade?
It is a pericardial effusion (a buildup of fluid in the pericardium) where the
volume increase and compresses the heart
ACS includes….
unstable angina, STEMI, and NSTEMI
3 facts about a STEMI
3 interventions for SVT
valsava, sntidysrhytthmics, adenosine, synchronious cardiovert
rhythm that has no discernable P wave is…
a fib
The P wave is
atrial contraction
the QRS wave is
ventricular contraction
the T wave is
rest/refill
most common causes of PVCs
stress, stimulants, and electrolyte imbalance
3 complications of heart failure
anemia, pleural effusions, hepatomegaly, dysrhythmias, cardiorenal syndrome
RAAS system is…
3 complications of an MI
death, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, pericarditis, dysrhythmias
3 signs and symptoms of infective endocarditis (I.E.)
oslers nodes on fingers, black lines on nails, worsening murmur
heart failure is…
a heart disease that impairs diastolic filling and stretch
rhythm with a rate >151 and P wave crashes into T wave is…
SVT
chaotic appearing ventricular rhythm is…
v fib
left ventricle HF can lead to…
right sided heart failure, hypertrophy, and dilation
Aschoffs bodies and strep A are specific to this heart disease
rheumatic fever/ rheumatic heart disease
Compensatory mechanisms for heart failure
RAAS system, hypertrophy, dilation
what heart disease has diffuse inflammation that leads to ventricular dilation?
dilated cardiomyopathy
what is a genetic heart disease, where early detection is key?
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
HFrEF (pathophys)
ventricular systolic defect/LV contraction failure → dilation and hypertrophy →
decreased EF
=heart failure with reduced ejection fraction=systolic heart failure
HRpEF (pathophys)
ventricular diastolic defect/defective filling → high filling pressure due to non
compliant LV → decreased filling → decreased volume → decreased SV → decreased
CO → fluid congestion
can be due to hypertension
=heart failure with preserved ejection fraction=diastolic heart failure
pharyngitis is an early sign of
myocarditis
_________ can accompany myocarditis
pericarditis
__________ on valves can break off and cause emboli, leading to I.E.
vegetation
a risk factor for I.E.
IV drug use
what causes the black lines in I.E.?
vessel damage (vasculitis)
what type of murmur is seen in cardiomyopathy?
systolic murmur
what type of cardiomyopathy leads to impaired diastole?
hypertrophic
cardiomyopathy can lead to…
heart failure
________ is a common clinical manifestation of cardiomyopathy
dyspnea
this heart disease changes the structure and function of the heart
cardiomyopathy
_______ _______ lead to scar tissue in the myocardium
aschoffs bodies
this heart disease is chronic scarring and deformity of the heart valves
RHD and RF
this inflammatory disease can involve all layers of the heart
rheumatic fever
an abnormal drop is systolic blood pressure during inspiration
pulsus paradoxus
inflammation in the ______ leads to a certain sound
pericardial sac
you can hear _____when the pt leans forward
friction rub
pericarditis can cause what type of pain?
referred pain in the trapezius
