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MedSurg > 2.2 > Flashcards

2.2 Flashcards

ACS, valvular disorders, heart failure, dyrythmias

1
Q

when would you use synchronized cardioversion?

A

unstable a-fib or SVT

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2
Q

what are two shockable rhythms?

A

v-fib, pulseless v tach

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3
Q

what is the primary nursing goal for all cardiac diseases?

A

increase cardiac output

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4
Q

what is cardiac tamponade?

A

It is a pericardial effusion (a buildup of fluid in the pericardium) where the
volume increase and compresses the heart

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5
Q

ACS includes….

A

unstable angina, STEMI, and NSTEMI

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6
Q

3 facts about a STEMI

A
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7
Q

3 interventions for SVT

A

valsava, sntidysrhytthmics, adenosine, synchronious cardiovert

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8
Q

rhythm that has no discernable P wave is…

A

a fib

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9
Q

The P wave is

A

atrial contraction

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10
Q

the QRS wave is

A

ventricular contraction

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11
Q

the T wave is

A

rest/refill

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12
Q

most common causes of PVCs

A

stress, stimulants, and electrolyte imbalance

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13
Q

3 complications of heart failure

A

anemia, pleural effusions, hepatomegaly, dysrhythmias, cardiorenal syndrome

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14
Q

RAAS system is…

A
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15
Q

3 complications of an MI

A

death, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, pericarditis, dysrhythmias

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16
Q

3 signs and symptoms of infective endocarditis (I.E.)

A

oslers nodes on fingers, black lines on nails, worsening murmur

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17
Q

heart failure is…

A

a heart disease that impairs diastolic filling and stretch

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18
Q

rhythm with a rate >151 and P wave crashes into T wave is…

A

SVT

19
Q

chaotic appearing ventricular rhythm is…

A

v fib

20
Q

left ventricle HF can lead to…

A

right sided heart failure, hypertrophy, and dilation

21
Q

Aschoffs bodies and strep A are specific to this heart disease

A

rheumatic fever/ rheumatic heart disease

22
Q

Compensatory mechanisms for heart failure

A

RAAS system, hypertrophy, dilation

23
Q

what heart disease has diffuse inflammation that leads to ventricular dilation?

A

dilated cardiomyopathy

24
Q

what is a genetic heart disease, where early detection is key?

A

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

25
Q

HFrEF (pathophys)

A

ventricular systolic defect/LV contraction failure → dilation and hypertrophy →
decreased EF

=heart failure with reduced ejection fraction=systolic heart failure

26
Q

HRpEF (pathophys)

A

ventricular diastolic defect/defective filling → high filling pressure due to non
compliant LV → decreased filling → decreased volume → decreased SV → decreased
CO → fluid congestion
can be due to hypertension

=heart failure with preserved ejection fraction=diastolic heart failure

27
Q

pharyngitis is an early sign of

A

myocarditis

28
Q

_________ can accompany myocarditis

A

pericarditis

29
Q

__________ on valves can break off and cause emboli, leading to I.E.

A

vegetation

30
Q

a risk factor for I.E.

A

IV drug use

31
Q

what causes the black lines in I.E.?

A

vessel damage (vasculitis)

32
Q

what type of murmur is seen in cardiomyopathy?

A

systolic murmur

33
Q

what type of cardiomyopathy leads to impaired diastole?

A

hypertrophic

34
Q

cardiomyopathy can lead to…

A

heart failure

35
Q

________ is a common clinical manifestation of cardiomyopathy

A

dyspnea

36
Q

this heart disease changes the structure and function of the heart

A

cardiomyopathy

36
Q

_______ _______ lead to scar tissue in the myocardium

A

aschoffs bodies

37
Q

this heart disease is chronic scarring and deformity of the heart valves

A

RHD and RF

38
Q

this inflammatory disease can involve all layers of the heart

A

rheumatic fever

39
Q

an abnormal drop is systolic blood pressure during inspiration

A

pulsus paradoxus

40
Q

inflammation in the ______ leads to a certain sound

A

pericardial sac

41
Q

you can hear _____when the pt leans forward

A

friction rub

42
Q

pericarditis can cause what type of pain?

A

referred pain in the trapezius

43
Q
A

MedSurg (7 decks)

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