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Astronomy > 2.2 > Flashcards

2.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Sunspots

A

areas that appear dark on the surface of the sun

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2
Q

Photosphere

A

the region of a star from which most of its light is radiated

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3
Q

Corona

A

the outermost region of our current model of the galaxy containing most of the mass in some unknown ways

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4
Q

Solar wind

A

an outflow of particles from the sun representing the expansion of the corona

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5
Q

phases of the moon

A

varying appearances of the moon seen from earth

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6
Q

new moon

A

side of the moon facing the earth is the side that is not illuminated by sunlight

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7
Q

crescent

A

when only a small arc-shaped section of the visible portion is illuminated by the sun

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8
Q

half moon

A

only half of the moons surface can be seen from the earth

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9
Q

first quarter moon

A

when one half of the moons disk is illuminated by the sun

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10
Q

waxing

A

as the moon starts to move around the earth becomes more and more visible

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11
Q

gibbous

A

the phase between half and full moon

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12
Q

full moon

A

when the side facing the earth is fully illuminated

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13
Q

third quarter moon

A

when the opposite half of the moon is illuminated compared to the first quarter

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14
Q

waning

A

after a full moon the visible side of the moon begins to have less and less sun shining on it

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15
Q

eclipse

A

the passage of all or part of an astronomical body into the shadow of another

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16
Q

solar eclipse

A

when the moon comes between the sun and the earth

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17
Q

penumbra

A

of a s sunspot the outer region not as dark as the umbra

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18
Q

umbra

A

of a sunspot the dark central region

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19
Q

shadow bands

A

a phenomenon seen just before and after total phases of solar eclipse in which low contrast bands of light and dark race across the landscape

20
Q

baileys beads

A

beads of light visible around the rim of the moon at the beginning and end of a total solar eclipse

21
Q

diamond ring effect

A

the last baileys bead glowing brightly at the beginning of a solar eclipse

22
Q

chromosphere

A

part of the sun between the photosphere and the corona

23
Q

annular ecplise

A

eclipse at which the moon is too small in angular size to cover the solar photosphere leaving the annulus showing

24
Q

revolution

A

the orbiting of one body around another

25
Q

rotation

A

spin on an axis

26
Q

in transit

A

one body passing in front of another as seen by an observer

27
Q

inclination

A

of an orbit the angle of the plane of the orbit with respect to the ecliptic plane

28
Q

How big is the photosphere?

A

1.4 million K

29
Q

What parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are the radiation that comes to earth from the sun in?

A

the visible and ultra violet

30
Q

why do we see other planets in our solar system

A

because they reflect the solar radiation towards us

31
Q

what causes magnetic storms on earth?

A

the solar wind particles hit the earths upper atmosphere

32
Q

how long does the rotation of the moon take

A

13 hours / 29 1/2 earth days

33
Q

how is the moons revolution comparable to the earths revolution

A

because the phase of the moon that we see from the earth as the moon revolves around us depends on the relative orientation of the 3 bodies (Sun earth and moon) so because the plane of the moon’s revolution around the earth is near the same as the plane of the earth revolution around the sun.

34
Q

what is the total lunar ecplise

A

when the earths shadow gradually covers the moon

35
Q

what is a total solar ecplise

A

when the lunar shadow barely reaches the earths surface

36
Q

why don’t we have lunar eclipses most months

A

because the moons orbit around the earth and the earths orbit around the sun are not in the same plane

37
Q

how long does a lunar ecplise last

A

over an hour

38
Q

why does the moon sometimes appear red during an ecplise

A

the light falls on the moon

39
Q

compare the distance of the moon to the earth and the size of the photosphere of the sun. How does it relate to the solar eclipse

A
40
Q

who is able to see a total solar eclipse

A

people who are stationed within the narrow band

41
Q

what causes a partial eclipse

A

when the moon sun and earth are not aligned and the umbra never hits the earth then we in the penumbra

42
Q

why is it necessary to view solar eclipse with a filter

A

because you will see nothing through your naked eye and it could cause blinding and irritation

43
Q

contrast ecplictic plane and the ecliptic

A

EP- plane in which the earths orbit lies
E- the suns path in the sky

44
Q

what are the inclinations of the different planets in our solar system

A

pluto- 17
mercury - 7
the rest of the planets have less than 4

45
Q

what is one of the most important facts that we know about our solar system

A

that the planets all orbit the sun in essentially the same plane

Astronomy (6 decks)

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