1.4 Flashcards
What was the relationship between Kepler and Tycho, Copernicus and Galileo
Kepler discovered Tyco’s observations and discovered three laws of planetary motion
Copernicus and Galileo both believe in the heliocentric theory
Explain Kepler’s first law
The planets orbit the sun in ellipses with the sun at one focus
Explain keplers second law
the line joining the sun and a planet sweeps through equal areas in equal times
What did keplers second law replace
the universal rate of revolution
Relate the second law to halleys comet
Within months through the inner part of the solar system, it takes the rest of its 76-year period moving slowly through outer parts
explain keplers third law
the square of the period of revolution is proportional to the cube of the seminator axis of the ellipse
What is the representative equation for the third law
P^2planet/P^Earth=R^3Planet/R^3Earth
What else will confirm to the third law
Artificial satellite in orbit around the earth and to the moons of other planets
who was the first to use a telescope
galileo
give 3 things that he saw or discoveries that he made
Milky Way contained individual stars
described the views of the moon
discovered Mountains and craters
for what reasons did galileo on trail
He was told to recant his beliefs in the theory
who was thought to be omniscient? How did gelileos findings affect that belief
Anstotte
Ptolemy
Proved all bodies did not revolve around earth
How were newtons laws different from keplers
newtons laws was broken down into a spectrum and his invention of reflecting telescope
who invented calculus
newton
what did newton discover about gravity
that the same law that describes how objects fall on earth describes how objects more far out in space
what is Newton gravitational equation?
F=Gm_1m_2/d^2
what is newtons first law
every object tends to remain at rest in a direction unless outside force changes it
what is newtons second law
the strength of a force is equal to the amount the mass involved times the acceleration it undergoes
what is newtons third law
for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
Conic sections
geometrical shapes
Law of universal grantation
two blocks with space pull each other with the same force
major axis
the length of the longest dimension of an ellipse
sector
a part of a circle bounded by 2 radii
constant
astronomical unit of length
minor axis
the shorter axis of an ellipse
period
how many times it takes for an object to complete one circle
inertia
a property of mass used by isac newton
circle
a comic formed by cutting a cone perpendicular to its axis
astronomical unit
the average distance from the earth to the sun
eccentricity
a measure of how it leaves the sun
earthshine
sunlight reflected the moon to the earth
