22/12/18

Question 1

What is pre-proliferative diabetic retinopathy represent?

Answer 1

retinal ischaemia

Question 2

What is the treatment for pre-, proliferative and maculopathy?

Answer 2

Pan retinal photocoagulation

Grid photocoagulation

Question 3

What value of HbA1C suggests Diabetes?

Answer 3

HbA1C>6.5

Question 4

What is the mononeuritis complex?

Answer 4

Random combination of peripheral nerve lesions

Question 5

What is mononeuritis complex?

Answer 5

Random combination of peripheral nerve lesions

Question 6

What is ridiculopathy?

Answer 6

Pain over spinal nerves, usually affecting dermatome on the abdomen or chest wall

Question 7

How do you treat Cushing’s syndrome?

Answer 7

Steroid synthesis inhibitors

Ketoconazole, metyrapone

Question 8

Taking too much of what can cause cushing’s?

Answer 8

Taking too many steroids - glucocorticoids

Question 9

What is used to treat primary hyperaldosteronism?

Answer 9

Spironolactone –> converted to canrenone

Question 10

What is the difference between spironolactone and eplerone

Answer 10

Basically the same as spirnolactone but it is better tolerated - binds to preogertone and androgen receptors less.

Question 11

How do you diagnose conn’s syndrome?

Answer 11

THINK - Hypertension suppresses the RAS = low renin. Also the low blood K+ Conn’s syndrome

Question 12

What does high adrenaline cause?

Answer 12

Ventricular fibrillation –> death

Question 13

What are the unwanted side effects of ketoconazole?

Answer 13

Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain
Alopecia
Gynaecomastia, oligospermia, impotence, decreased libido. This is due to reduction of sex steroid production
Ventricular tachycardias
Liver Damage: Could be fatal. Patients are monitored with regular liver function tests