21st cent final Flashcards
regarded as one of the most distinguishedmen of arts and lettersof his era.
Wang Wei
NATIONAL PARKS IN AFRICA
At the national parks, you can see wild animals in their natural habitats.They are found in their natural habitat unlike zoos.
AFRICAN LITERATURE
-African literature is often oral in nature, may be in prose or inpoetry. Storytellers in Africa often tell stories using the call-and-response technique.
-Poetry is often sung or recited in a singsong voice. The “praise” singers, bards, sometimes known as “griots”, tell their stories with a musical backgrounds.
AFRICAN ART AND AFRICAN MUSIC
African art is closely associated with religion, nature and superstition.
African music is based largely on the drum beat. African music is bound up with religious ceremony, composed as a prayer
Writings of the reflects less of self- conscious debt to foreign authors.
‘90s
Four Greatest Poets (Tang Dynasty)
- Wang Wei
- Li Po (Li Bai)
- Tu Fu (Du Fu)
- Po Chu l (Bai Juyi)
African writers in this period wrote both in Western languages and in traditional African languages such as Hausa.
Post-colonial Africa Literature
-In the ??? these qualities of ??? thought were not abandoned but, rather, were expanded into a political context, as writers divided into those supporting political commitment in their writing and those reacting conservatively against such a domination of art by politics.
Some famous works during this era:
Arthur Conan Doyle- Sherlock Holmes
James Joyce- Ulyses
Virginia Woolf- Mrs. Dalloway
19th Century Literature
The epics of greece
Iliad and odyssey
- (Lijing)
- collection of texts describing social forms,
administration, and ceremonial rites of Zhou dynasty
The Book of Rites
Has no alphabet
Consists of about (A) characters
Made up of (B)
Chinese has to learn how to write (draw) (C) signs.
Chinese words or signs is written from (D)
Earliest Chinese literature dates back to (E)
a. 50,000
b. Ideographs
c. 214
d. top to bottom
e. 1,000 B.C
-During the ???, drama and fiction developed as important forms of Chinese Literature.
1200s
The have witnessed an even greater variety of styles, themes, and genres.
1990’s
Resembles as European Opera combining singing and dancing with dialogue.
Developed after the 1800s when European missionaries and traders travelled to China.
Chinese plays
Five Classic books
-The Book of History
-The Book of Changes
-The Book of Rites
-The Book of Odes
-The Spring and Autumn Annals
best known for his mastery of the “lüshi,” or “regulated verse,”
Tu Fu (Du Fu)
AFRICAN LITERATURE
-“Literature has become an important means ofunderstanding and interpreting human beings and aspects ofsociety such as politics, religion, economics, social conflicts,class struggle and human condition”
-African literature had been predominantly oral up to the 19thCentury when attempts to put some African languages intowritten forms.
African literature is literary works of the African continent, consisting of a body of work in different languages and various genres, ranging from oral literature to literature written in colonial languages.
His poetry is known for its clear imagery and conversational tone
Li Po (Li Bai)
-awordthathasmorethanthreesyllables
Example:legislature
Polysyllabic
examples may be in the form of prose, often mythological or historical and can include tales of the trickster character, or a verse.
Oral Literature
Initiated the reformation in Europe
Martin Luther
Some influential people during this renaissance era
Johannes Gutenberg and martin luther
- Chinese communist came to power after Civil War.
- they ordered writers to create works that could easily be understood by peasants (agricultural laborers, soldiers, and workers.
The major literary and intellectual fashions of today’s Chia have grown out of “Cultural Fever” of the 1980’s.
1994
-Easchwordhasonlyonesyllable.
-Example:Yes
Monosyllabic
Invented the movable type printing press
Johannes Gutenberg
The Fall of the Roman Empire marked the beginning of the Medieval or Middle Ages.
Also called as Dark Ages
The use ofvellum(goat skin paper),parchment (sheep skin paper), and wooden tablets covered in green or black wax to fashion books which are more durable than scrolls became widespread.
Some popular books during this period are:
Beowulf– Anglo- Saxon Tradition
Divine Comedy- Dante Alighieri
Medieval Literature
communication, designating China and those of its neighbouring states that adopted and adapted Chinese-character writing: Korea, Vietnam, Japan.
Sinofication/ Sinification‘Sinosphere’ of ‘Sinophone’ or ‘Sinographic
- (Shujing)
- Book of Documents
- Speeches by major figures
and records of events in ancient China.
The Book of History
- (I- Ching or Yi- Jing)
- The book of divination
The Book of Changes
Common Characteristics and Themes of African Literature
-The effect of colonization in cultural, political and social life of the people.
Divisions of European Literature
- Ancient Literature
- Renaissance Literature
- Medieval Literature
- 17th Century Literature
- 18th Century Literature
- 19th Century Literature
This period marked the reawakening of a new spirit of intellectual and artistic inquiry, which was the dominant feature of this political, religious, and philosophical phenomenon, was essentiallya revival of the spirit of ancient Greece and Rome.
In literature this meanta new interest in and analysis of the great classical writers.Scholars searched for and translatedlostancient texts, whose dissemination was much helped by developments in printing in Europe from about 1450.Written short stories,novellasandtaleswere born in this period.
Renaissance Literature
He collected and translated into English much of African oral culture and art forms, preserving native culture
Kofi Owoonor
The epic of Roman
Aeneid
First recorded about ??? years ago.
East Asian Literature Chinese Literature
5000
- (Shijing)
- earliest collection of Chinese poetry
Originally called “Shi” (poem) - 3 sections: Feng (songs), Ya (odes), Song (hymns)
The Book of Odes
The use of clay tablets and papyrus paper scrolls paved the way for the writing of theHoly Scriptureswhich is very much influential in European literature.
-Likewise,songs, poems, fables, anecdotes, andparableswere all invented during this period.
Ancient Literature
The world oldest epic
The epic of Gilgamesh
The Negritude Movement
-The movement sought to reaffirm the cultural identity of blacks and rebel against the implicit superiority of European cultures. It was a reaction against the European colonization of Africa and its legacy of cultural racism.
Negritude movement which was characterized by the following features:
-A rejection of white culture;
-A fresh and sympathetic look at the African culture;
-A cultural unity of all the black people.
This was the time between the end of World War I and independence. African literature showed themes in liberation, independence, and negritude.
Colonial Africa Literature
They include animals tricksters like Anansi, a spider in the folklore of the Ashanti people of Ghana; Ijapa, the tortoise in Yoruba folklore of Nigeria.
Pre colonial Literature
Influential Works of 17th Literature:
William Shakespeare
(The Tragedies)
Romeo and Juliet
Othello
Macbeth
Anthony and Cleopatra
- The ??? was marked by two main impulses reason and passion
- The cultivation of the feelings stimulated philanthropy, exaltation of personal relationships.
religious fervor, and the cult of sentiment, or sensibility
- In literature the rational impulse fostered satire, argument, with plain prose. The other inspired the psychological novel and the poetry of the sublime Novel and satire were born in this period
18th Century Literature
-In the 1930s these qualities of 20th-century thought were not abandoned but, rather, were expanded into a political context, as writers divided into those supporting political commitment in their writing and those reacting conservatively against such a domination of art by politics.
Some famous works during this era:
Arthur Conan Doyle- Sherlock Holmes
James Joyce- Ulyses
Virginia Woolf- Mrs. Dalloway
Provided a level deep cultural details rarely found in European literature
Chinua Achebe
4 types of African literature
Oral
pre colonial
colonial africa
post colonial africa
The ??? was one of the most vital and interesting periods of all.
Influences that had their origins or were in development in this period –Romanticism,Symbolism,Realism.
Literary Giants who stood out in this era:
William Wordsworth- Lyrical Ballads
Sense and Sensibilty- Jane Austen
Guy de Maupassant- The Diamond Necklace
John Keats- Ode to Psyche
19th Century Literature
AFRICA: THE DARK CONTINENT
Africa is called the Dark Continentnot because of the complexion of the original inhabitants but because most people know very little about it.
AFRICAN AUTHORS
-Kofi Owoonor
-Chinua Achebe
- (Chunqui)
- The court chronicle of the Zhou Dynasty state of Lu, from 722 BCE to 481 BCE.
The Spring and Autumn Annals
Best known for his ballads and satirical poems that can be understood by common people.
Po Chu l (Bai Juyi)
Chinese Language
Monosyllabic
Polysyllabic
The ??? was a period of unceasing disturbance and violent storms, no less in literature than in politics and society
This indudes the ascertainment of the grounds and relations of knowledge, faith, reason, and authority in religion, metaphysics ethics, politics, economics, and natural science. Hence, this period is also known as Age of Reason
17th Century Literature
