2.1.6 Cell Division

Question 1

what is the function of a guard cell?

Answer 1

to open and close the stomata

Question 2

what are the adaptations of guard cells?

Answer 2

1. pores
   —> enables gas exchange
2. thin outer walls and thick inner walls
   —> force guard cells to bend outwards, opening stomata

Question 3

what is the function of root hair cells?

Answer 3

absorb water and mineral ions from the soil

Question 4

what are the adaptations of root hair cells?

Answer 4

1. large SA
   —> more water absorbed
2. permeable cell wall
   —> entry of water and ions
3. extra mitochondria
   —> provide energy for active transport

Question 5

what is the function of palisade cells?

Answer 5

do most of photosynthesis

Question 6

what are the adaptations of palisade cells?

Answer 6

1. many chloroplasts
   —> so a lot of sunlight is absorbed
2. thin walls
   —> faster rate of diffusion for co2

Question 7

what is the function of erythrocytes?

Answer 7

carries oxygen in the blood

Question 8

what are the adaptations of erythrocytes?

Answer 8

1. biconcave disk shape
   —> provides large SA for gas exchange
2. no nucleus
   —> more room for more haemoglobin

Question 9

what is the function of a neutrophil?

Answer 9

defends body against diseases

Question 10

what are the adaptations of neutrophils?

Answer 10

1. flexible
   —> allows engulfing of pathogens
2. many lysosomes
   —> digestive enzymes to break down pathogens

Question 11

what are the adaptations of sperm cells?

Answer 11

1. flagellum
   —> to swim
2. lots of mitochondria
   —> energy provided to swim
3. acrosome
   —> contains digestive enzymes which enables egg penetration