2.1.4 Flashcards
why are enzymes necessary
reactions need to happen fast.
without enzymes requires high temperatures and pressures
would damage living cells
enzymes are what type of proteins
globular
chemical reactions required for growth are
anabolic(catalysed by enzymes)
what are catabolic reactions
breaking down reactions
what is the V max
the maximum rate of the enzyme catalysed reaction
activation energy is
energy needs to be supplied for reactions to start
active site is an area within
the tertiary structure of enzyme that has complementary shape to specific substrate molecule
when substrate is blind to active site a
enzyme-substrate complex is formed
substrates react and product is formed which is the
enzyme-product complex
product released leaves enzyme unchanged
what in active site forms temporary bonds with substrate
R groups
induced fit hypothesis is
enzyme changes shape as substrate enters
interaction between enzyme and substrate induce changes in enzymes tertiary structure that strengthen binding weakens a bond in substrate lowering activation energy
what does catalase breakdown
hydrogen peroxide toxic product many metabolic pathways
breaks down into oxygen and water
enzymes released from cells to break down large nutrient molecules into smaller by digestion in order to
supply raw materials (substrates)to cells
example of extra cellular enzymes involved in digestion
amylase and trypsin
amylase in saliva breaks starch down into
maltose
amylase produces by
salivary glands and pancreas( small intestine)
what enzyme breaks maltose down into glucose
maltase (present in small intestine)
glucose can be absorbed by cells lining digestive system and absorbed by blood stream because
it’s small enough
trypsin is a protease , what is that
type of enzyme that catalysed digestion of proteins into smaller peptides
other proteases breaks down down into amino acids
where is trypsin produced and released into
production in pancreas
released wi the pancreatic juice in small intestine
amino acids that are produced by these can be absorbed by cells lining digestive system and bloodstream
