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AAMT2-8 > 2105 midterms > Flashcards

2105 midterms Flashcards

1
Q

has grown increasingly popular as the commercial aviation industry realize that human error, rather than mechanical failure, underlies most aviation accidents and incidents.

A

Human Factors

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2
Q

multidisciplinary fields incorporating contributions from psychology, engineering, industrial design, statistics, operations research, and anthropometry

A

human factors science or technologies

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3
Q

human factors is a term that covers what

A

the science of understanding the properties of human capability, the application of this understanding to the design, development, and deployment of systems and services, and the art of ensuring successful application of human factor principles into the maintenance working environment.

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4
Q

aviation maintenance tasks that do not account for the vast amount of human limitations can result in

A

technical error and injuries

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5
Q

10 different disciplines of human factors

A

Clinical Psychology, Experimental Psychology, Anthropometrics, Computer Science, Cognitive Science, Safety Engineering, Medical Science, Organizational Psychology, Educational Psychology, and Industrial Engineering.

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6
Q

includes the study and application of psychology for the purpose of understanding, preventing, and relieving psychologically-based distress or dysfunction and to promote subjective well-being and personal development.

A

clinical psychology

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7
Q

It focuses on the mental well-being of the individual.

A

clinical psychology

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8
Q

can help individuals deal with stress, coping mechanisms for adverse situations, poor self-image, and accepting criticism from coworkers

A

clinical psychology

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9
Q

includes the study of a variety of basic behavioral processes, often in a laboratory environment.

A

experimental psychology

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10
Q

These processes may include learning, sensation, perception, human performance, motivation, memory, language, thinking, and communication, as well as the physiological processes underlying behaviors, such as eating, reading, and problem solving.

A

experimental psychology

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11
Q

study of the dimensions and abilities of the human body. This is essential to aviation maintenance due to the environment and spaces that AMTs have to work with.

A

anthropometrics

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12
Q

the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and of practical techniques for their implementation and application in computer systems.

A

computer science

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13
Q

interdisciplinary scientific study of minds as information processors. It includes research on how information is processed (in faculties such as perception, language, reasoning, and emotion), represented, and transformed in a nervous system or machine (e.g., computer).

A

cognitive science

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14
Q

interdisciplinary scientific study of minds as information processors. It includes research on how information is processed (in faculties such as perception, language, reasoning, and emotion), represented, and transformed in a nervous system or machine (e.g., computer).

A

cognitive science

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15
Q

assures that a life-critical system behaves as needed even when the component fails. Ideally, safety engineers take an early design of a system, analyze it to find what faults can occur, and then propose safety requirements in design specifications up front and changes to existing systems to make the system safer.

A

safety engineering

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16
Q

is the science and art of healing. It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness. Disposition and physical well-being are very important and directly correlated to human factors.

A

medicine / medicinal science

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17
Q

concerned with relations between people and work. their interests include organizational structure and organizational change, worker’s productivity and job satisfaction, consumer behavior, and the selection, placement, training, and development of personnel.

A

organizational psychology

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18
Q

study how people learn and design the methods and materials used to educate people of all ages. Everyone learns differently and at a different pace. Supervisors should design blocks of instruction that relate to a wide variety of learning styles.

A

educational psychologists

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19
Q

is the organized approach to the study of work. It is important for supervisors to set reasonable work standards that can be met and exceeded.

A

industrial engineering

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20
Q

when and who began research in the area of anthropometrics

A

1487, Leonardo Di Vinci

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21
Q

can be described as one of the earliest sources presenting guidelines for anthropometry

A

The Vitruvian Man

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22
Q

plays a considerable role in the fields of computer design, design for access and maintainability, simplicity of instructions, and ergonomics issues.

A

anthropometry

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23
Q

who and when were trying to reduce human error in medicine.

A

early 1900s Frank and Lilian Gilbreth

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24
Q

Frank and Lilian Gilbreth developed what when communicating in the operating room

A

call backs

25
Q

who were the first to fly a powered aircraft and also pioneered many human factors considerations

A

Orville and Wilbur Wright

26
Q

where and when did the Wright brothers fly the wright flyer

A

December 17, 1903 dunes at Kitty Hawk

27
Q

used as a memory jogger, or mnemonic, to characterize human factors in aviation maintenance

A

“PEAR”

28
Q

PEAR prompts recall of the four important considerations for human factors programs, which are:

A
  • People who do the job
  • Environment in which they work
  • Actions they perform
  • Resources necessary to complete the job
29
Q

Aviation maintenance human factors programs focus on the people who perform the work and address ____

A

physical, physiological, psychological, and psychosocial factors.

30
Q

physical factors

A

physical size
sex
age
strength
sensory limitations

31
Q

psychological

A

workload
experience
knowledge
training
attitude
mental or emotional state

32
Q

physiological

A

nutritional factors
health
lifestyle
fatigue chemical dependency

33
Q

psychosocial

A

interpersonal conflicts

34
Q

the company must consider factors like each

A

person’s size, strength, age, eyesight, and more to ensure each person is physically capable of performing all the tasks making up the job.

35
Q

important element when incorporating human factors into job design

A

planned rest breaks

36
Q

There are at least two environments in aviation maintenance

A

physical environment, organizational environment

37
Q

It includes ranges of temperature, humidity, lighting, noise control, cleanliness, and workplace design. Companies must acknowledge these conditions and cooperate with the workforce to either accommodate or change the physical environment

A

physical environment

38
Q

The important factors in an organizational environment are typically related to cooperation, communication, shared values, mutual respect, and the culture of the company. An excellent organizational environment is promoted with leadership, communication, and shared goals associated with safety, profitability, and other key factors.

A

organizational environment

39
Q

standard human factors approach to identify the knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to perform each task in a given job.

A

Job task analysis

40
Q

helps identify what instructions, tools, and other resources are necessary. Adherence to this helps ensure each worker is properly trained and each workplace has the necessary equipment and other resources to perform the job.

A

Job task analysis

41
Q

the characteristics of the people, environment, and actions dictate the

A

resources

42
Q

anything a technician (or anyone else) needs to get the job done.

A

resources

43
Q

these twelve factors, also known as the “dirty dozen” were eventually adopted by the aviation industry as a

A

straight forward means to discuss human error in maintenance.

44
Q

dirty dozen ano ginagawa sa kanila

A

It is important to know the dirty dozen,

how to recognize their symptoms,

and most importantly, know how to avoid or contain errors produced by the dirty dozen.

45
Q

Failure to transmit, receive, or provide enough information to complete a task.

Never assume anything.

Only 30% of verbal communication is received and understood by either side in a conversation. Others
usually remember the first and last part of what you say.

A

lack of communication

46
Q

Overconfidence from repeated experience performing a task.

A

complacency

47
Q

Shortage of the training, information, and/or ability to successfully perform.

A

lack of knowledge

48
Q

Anything that draws your attention away from the task at hand.

Distractions are the #1 cause of forgetting things, including what has or has not been done in a maintenance task.

A

distraction

49
Q

Failure to work together to complete a shared goal.

A

lack of teamwork

50
Q

Physical or mental exhaustion threatening work performance.

A

fatigue

51
Q

Not having enough people, equipment, documentation, time, parts, etc., to complete a task.

A

lack of resources

52
Q

Real or perceived forces demanding high-level job performance

A

pressure

53
Q

Failure to speak up or document concerns about instructions, orders, or the actions of others

A

lack of assertiveness

54
Q

A physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes physical or mental tension.

A

stress

55
Q

Failure to recognize a situation, understand what it is, and predict the possible results.

A

lack of awareness

56
Q

Expected, yet unwritten, rules of behavior.

A

norms

57
Q

is a diagram that depicts suggested relationships between concepts. It is a graphical tool that instructional designers, engineers, technical writers, and others use to organize and structure knowledge.

A

concept map or conceptual diagram

58
Q

structured process used to investigate events caused by maintenance technician and/or inspector performance.

A

maintenance error decision aid

AAMT2-8 (10 decks)

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