2.1: Metabolic Pathways

Question 1

What’s the difference between anabolic and catabolic pathways?

Answer 1

Anabolic - build-up/synthesis

Catabolic - break down/degradation

Question 2

What are the 3 types of protein?

Answer 2

Pump
pore
enzymes

Question 3

What is embedded in the plasma membrane?

Answer 3

Proteins

Question 4

What is the function of an enzyme?

Answer 4

To speed up a reaction

Question 5

What is an induced fit in a catalysed reaction?

Answer 5

When the active site changes shape to better fit the substrate when it binds

Question 6

Define activation energy.

Answer 6

The enrgy required for a reaction to take place

Question 7

What effect does the enzyme have on the activation energy?

Answer 7

The activation energy decreases

Question 8

Define affinity

Answer 8

A natural attraction towards the active site

Question 9

Describe the affinity for the substrate on the active site.

Answer 9

It has a high affinity

Question 10

Describe the affinity for the products on the active site.

Answer 10

It has a low affinity

Question 11

Explain competitive inhibition

Answer 11

Competitive inhibition is when the inhibitor competes with the substrate to fit into the enzymes active site which stops the substrate to complete its reaction

Question 12

Explain non-competitive inhibition

Answer 12

Non-competitive inhibition is when the inhibitor has a different shape than the substrate and binds to a different part of the enzyme. Once connected it changes the shape of the active site preventing the substrate from binding to the active site.

Question 13

How does increasing substrate concentration affect competitive inhibition?

Answer 13

Increasing substrate concentration will increase enzyme activity when competitive inhibitor present

Question 14

Why can competitive inhibition be reversed when increasing substrate concentration?

Answer 14

This can be reversed due to there being more substrate present than inhibitor thus making the substrae more likely to bind to the active site than the inhibitor

Question 15

Describe the effect of increasing substrate concentration on non-competitive inhibition

Answer 15

There is no effect

Question 16

Describe feedback inhibition

Answer 16

When the end product reaches critical concentration and acts as an inhibitor to an enzyme earlier in the pathway to prevent the reaction from occurring

Question 17

State the function of protien pores

Answer 17

To allow ions of a paticular size to pass

Question 18

Describe an anabolic pathway

Answer 18

Build up of smaller to larger molecules

Question 19

Give an example of how enzymes make it easier for reactions to take place.

Answer 19

It lowers activation energy

Question 20

What is metabolism?

Answer 20

Chemical reactions that occur inside an organism

Question 21

Do anabolic reactions require or release energy?

think of a stick

Answer 21

Require

Question 22

Does catabolic reaction require or release energy?

think of a stick

Answer 22

Release