2.1 Male Reproductive Anatomy Pt.3

Question 1

What are the 2 types of penis structures?

Answer 1

1. Fibroelastic
2. Musculovascular

Question 2

Fibroelastic penis structure:

Answer 2

• Found in ram, bull, and boar
• erectile tissue
  corpus cavernosum
  corpus spongiosum
• sigmoid flexure: allows the penis to be retracted into the body until erection, held by retractor​ penis
• relax retractor muscles, penis protrudes

Question 3

Musculovascular penis structure:

Answer 3

• Found in stallion, human
• large corpus caverosum fills with blood during erection
• no sigmoid flexture
• retractor penis muscle

Question 4

Glans Penis:

Answer 4

• highly specialized
• Tom cat: covered in barbs (why cats make noise), induced ovulator

Boar: corkscrew

Ram: urethral process

Question 5

Answer 5

Tom Cat

Question 6

Answer 6

Ram

Question 7

Answer 7

Boar

Question 8

Echidna Penis:

Answer 8

-Monotreme (egg laying mammal
- mammal mpost closely related to a reptile
- Penis has 4 branches
- at erection only one side of the penis erects
- engorgement of alternate side
- ejaculation alternate between sides: maintains concentration if interval between mating is brief

Question 9

Argonaut penis:

Answer 9

Octopus
- male places sperm in a tectacle called a hectocotylus
- the tecticle (penis) detaches and swims towards the female
- female can be fertilised by hectocotylus from multiple males

Question 10

erection: visual cues

Answer 10

• mating in others (watch other bulls mate other females)
• lordosis pose: tipping pelvis to display reproductive organs

Question 11

erectionL olfactory cues

Answer 11

• sniffing of vulva
• female urination
• phermones: androgen, boar mate

Question 12

In order to achieve erection:

Answer 12

must stimulate pelvic nerve
- arterial dilation and increased blood flow

relaxation of retractor penis muscle
- straightens sigmoid flexcture

muscles of vas deferens and prostate contract

spermatozoa and seminal plasma expelled

Question 13

Compulation in the dog: 1st stage coitus

Answer 13

• male mounts female
  -1st and 2nd fractions of semen ejaculated
• 1-2 min

Question 14

Compulation in the dog: The turn

Answer 14

dog turns by lifting one leg over bitch

Question 15

Compulation in the dog: 2nd stage coitus

Answer 15

• 3rd fraction of semen ejaculated
• stays inside the ​vagina 5-45 mins
• inter-uterine deposition
  -maintains high vaginal pressure

Question 16

Male and female ‘tied’:

Answer 16

• Os penis ( bone in dog penis only)
• bulbus glandis forms compulatory lock
• venous outflos restricted: muscles in female vulva contract

Question 17

When can you separate male and female dog?

Answer 17

Not until erection in bulbus gland goes down

**If done before can damage penis

Question 18

Semen collection types:

Answer 18

• By hand: dog and pig only
• artificial vagina: sheep
• electroejaculation​

Question 19

frequency of ejaculation:

Answer 19

varies between species

Question 20

How is an erection obtained?

Answer 20

During erection the corpus cavernosa fills with blood (high volume, high pressure) and the retarctor penis muscle relaxes