2.1 Introduction to IP Flashcards
In terms of the Internet, what represents a shipping truck, the road, and what type of shipping truck it is?
Shipping truck - large amounts of data being moved
Road - network topology (Ethernet, DSL, cable system)
Shipping truck - roads were designed for the Internet Protocol (IP) truck
What represents what’s inside the boxes holding your data?
Boxes of TCP and UDP
What else is inside the boxes holding your data?
Application information, etc
How is TCP and UDP transported?
inside of IP
TCP and UDP are encapsulated by what?
the IP protocol
What are TCP and UDP different ways for?
2 different ways to move data from place to place
(different applications have/need different features)
TCP and UDP are located in what OSI layer?
Layer 4
What is multiplexing in terms of TCP and UDP?
use many different applications at the same time
What type of connection is TCP?
connection-oriented
(formal connection, waits for acknowledgment)
Which connection method can manage out-of-order messages and retransmissions?
TCP
(provides recovery from errors)
What type of connection is UDP?
connection-less
(no formal open/close to the connection)
Which connection is reliable delivery and which is unreliable delivery? (2)
reliable delivery - TCP
unreliable delivery - UDP
Both UDP and TCP have error recovery and can reorder data/retransmissions. T or F?
False, only TCP has error recovery and reorders data/retransmissions
Which connection doesn’t stop and allow you to re-send the data?
UDP (provides real-time communication)
What are 2 connectionless protocols that would use UDP?
- DHCP
- TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)
What are 2 connection-oriented protocols that prefer a “return receipt” by using TCP?
- HTTPS
- SSH
When an application is using TCP, does it have to worry about out of order frames or missing data?
No, TCP handles all the communication overhead. The application just has one job.
A real-world example of the IP shipping truck delivering to an IP address would be?
Delivering to a house with an address
What happens when boxes of data arrive at the right house?
They go into the right room (port)
What are non-ephemeral ports?
Permanent port numbers
What are the port numbers for ephemeral ports?
Ports 1,024 - 65,535
What are ephemeral ports?
temporary port numbers
ephemeral = ghost = temporary
What are the non-ephemeral ports?
Ports 0 - 1,023
Where are non-ephemeral ports usually located?
on a server or service (since they’re permanent)
How are ephemeral port number assignments determined?
in real-time by the client
TCP and UDP ports can be any number between….?
0 and 65,535
Although not always the case, most servers (services) use what type of port numbers?
non-ephemeral (not-temporary)
Are port numbers used for security?
No, they’re used for communication
Service port numbers need to be what?
Well known
Are TCP port numbers the same as UDP port numbers?
No
