2.1 - Healthy Mind and Body

Question 1

What are the three Somatotypes?

Answer 1

Endomorph, Mesomorph, Ectomorph

Question 2

What are the features of a Endomorph?

Answer 2

Short with narrow shoulders and broad hips, pear shaped with a low centre of gravity. Extra weight means that endomorphs tend to be less mobile, therefore less likely to excel at sports requiring speed.

Question 3

What are the features of a Mesomorph?

Answer 3

Broad shoulders with narrow hips; muscular. Mesomorphs are often good at sports and activities that require power or strength.

Question 4

What are the features of a Ectomorph?

Answer 4

Low body weight, tall and thin with a high centre of gravity. Ectomorphs often take part in endurance activities.

Question 5

What are the four main factors affecting weight?

Answer 5

Gender, Height, Bone Structure and Muscle girth.

Question 6

How do anabolic steroids enhance your performance?

Answer 6

Able to train harder, Recover quicker, Build muscle faster than normal.

Question 7

How do beta blockers enhance your performance?

Answer 7

Slow down heart rate, Relaxing effect

Question 8

How do diuretics enhance your performance?

Answer 8

Lose weight through increased fluid loss

Question 9

How do narcotics enhance your performance?

Answer 9

Reduce pain, masking injury

Question 10

How do stimulants enhance your performance?

Answer 10

Increase alertness, off-set lactic acid

Question 11

How do peptide hormones enhance your performance?

Answer 11

Increase the number of red blood cells

Question 12

What are the side effects of anabolic steroids?

Answer 12

Increase chance of heart attack, High blood pressure, Infertility, Liver damage

Question 13

What are the side effects of beta blockers?

Answer 13

Nausea and diarrhoea, Tiredness, Depression, Low blood pressure

Question 14

What are the side effects of diuretics?

Answer 14

Dehydration, Headaches, Dizziness, Kidney failure

Question 15

What are the side effects of narcotics?

Answer 15

Loss of concentration, balance, coordination

Question 16

What are the side effects of stimulants?

Answer 16

Insomnia, Anxiety, Irritability, Increased and irregular heart rate, High blood pressure

Question 17

What are the side effects of peptide hormones?

Answer 17

Thicken the blood, Increased risk of heart attack or stroke

Question 18

What are the three main reasons sports people take drugs?

Answer 18

1. Drugs enhance their performance
2. Drugs may help them to win and make a lot of money
3. They can perform at a higher level than without the aid of drugs.

Question 19

Name two recreational drugs.

Answer 19

Nicotine (smoking) and alcohol

Question 20

What are the side effects of smoking?

Answer 20

Smoking damages the whole cardiovascular system; the heart, the ability of the blood to carry oxygen, and the blood vessels.
It increases blood pressure. It also damages the alveoli in the lungs and therefore the respiratory system. Side effects of smoking include cancer and coronary heart disease.

Question 21

What are the short-term side effects of alcohol?

Answer 21

• calming effect
• reduces coordination
• produces extra urine
• reduces reaction time.
• impairs judgment

Question 22

What is a long-term effect of alcohol?

Answer 22

Cirrhosis of the liver which can result in death

Question 23

How is competition balanced to make it fair and safe?

Answer 23

Weight - (In some sports competitors are matched by weight), Gender - (most physical contact sports), Age - (school sport), Handicap