2.1 Enzyme types

Question 1

What are the 6 major enzyme classifications?

Answer 1

• oxidoreductases
• transferases
• hydrolases
• lyases
• isomerases
• ligases

Question 2

transferases

Answer 2

catalyze the movement of a functional group from one molecule to another

A + BX → AX + B

Question 3

ligases

Answer 3

catalyze the joining of 2 molecules

A + B → AB

Question 4

kinases

Answer 4

transfer phosphate groups from ATP to another molecules

a type of transferase

Question 5

oxidoreductases

Answer 5

catalyze REDOX reactions; transfer electrons between biological molecules

Question 6

isomerases

Answer 6

catalyze the rearrangement of bonds within a molecule

A → B

convert molecules from 1 isomer to another

Question 7

hydrolases

Answer 7

catalyze the cleavage of a compound into 2 molecules by adding water

A + H2O → B + C

Question 8

lyases

Answer 8

catalyze the cleavage of a single molecule into 2 products (without using water or oxidation/reduction)

A → B + C

Question 9

what enzyme joins the 2 DNA strands?

Answer 9

DNA ligase

Question 10

2 classes of oxidoreductases

Answer 10

oxidase: oxidize molecules (remove electrons)
reductase: reduce molecules (add electrons)

Question 11

lipases

Answer 11

catalyze the hydrolysis of fats

Question 12

phosphatases

Answer 12

remove phosphate

a type of transferase

Question 13

phosphorylases

Answer 13

transfer of a phosphate group from an inorganic phosphate (not ATP) to an acceptor molecule (often glucose)