2.1 Cell Intro Flashcards
1
Q
Definition of a cell
A
- Basic unit of all living things
- All organisms are made up of one or more cells
2
Q
What are the roles of a cell
A
- Transports materials
- Obtains and uses energy
- Disposes waste products
- Replicate
- Respond to environment
3
Q
Specialised cells definition and give an example of one
A
Multi-cellular organisms have specialised cells that perform some of the functions for the entire organism
eg. RBC - specialised cells that transports oxygen; they don’t replicate themselves
4
Q
Robert Hooke’s discovery on cells
A
First observed in 1665 at a thinly sliced piece of cork at 50x
5
Q
List the 4 humours the Greeks believed in
A
- Earth/black bile/melancholy
- Water/phlegm
- Fire/yellow bile/choleric
- Air/blood/sanguine
- people were a mixture of the 4
- Unwell -> unbalance of humours
6
Q
Definition of spontaneous generation
A
Life could spontaneously generate from nothing
7
Q
Leeuwenhoek’s belief
A
Inside the human sperm was a little human, and inside that man was another little man etc.
Changed when ‘atoms’ became real - everything had a physical basis
8
Q
Attributes of cell theory
A
- All living things are made up of cells
+ Unicellular: single cells
+ Multicellular: 2 or more cells - Cells are the basic units of life
- Cells can come from pre-existing cells
Additional points from modern science: - Energy flows through cells
- Genetic information is passed on from cell to cell
- All cells, regardless of the organism, have the same basic chemical composition
9
Q
Attributes to life
A
- Based on chemistry - network of chemical reactions
- A system that isn’t in equilibrium - uses energy from surroundings to organize itself
- Adapting and self-optimizing
- Compartmentalised - needs cells that acts as enclosures and vesicles
- Molecules used by life are suited to environments with water
