21 - Biodiversity Conservation Flashcards
“ecological system,” community of organisms in a given region. A specific region
ecosystem
environment in which a population or individual lives
habitat
living entity, one of a population
organism
populations in a particular environment
community
group of organisms of the same species living/mating in the same region (group of the same organism) ex. mountain goat, eagle etc in a mountain
population
Major community of organisms, system of ecosystems, identified by dominant plants - areas of similar vegetation
biome
range of abiotic factors within which an organism can survive
range of tolerance
upper and lower limits of the range of tolerance
zone of physiological stress
ideal conditions for species survival
optimum range
varied amount of life forms (among members of a population, and of species)
biodiversity
variability in genetic makeup among individuals of the same species
genetic diversity
total number of different species in an area
species diversity
variety of ecosystems in an area
ecosystem diversity
area with high numbers of endemic species e.g., tropical forest
biodiversity hot spot
plant or animal species exclusive/confined to a specific area
endemic species
eliminated from part of their range - pushed into a different ecosystem (fox from alberta)
extirpated
Official, any indigenous species/subspecies near imminent extinction
endangered
when in low numbers
ecologically extinct (aka might as well be extinct)
model of dynamics and pressures of extinction (ex. humans make extinction faster)
extinction vortex
conceptual model of a shrinking biodiversity on Earth
biodiversity value frameworks
decadal goal (2011-2020), member nations tasked
with assessing and reducing biodiversity loss in their states
United Nations Decade on Biodiversity
ecosystems (including water) to be designated as protected areas by 2020
Species at Risk Act (SARA) – Canadian legislation required by the CBD, finally passed (2002) + Aichi Targets
