2.1 Flashcards
What does a mass spectrometer do?
- Identify an unknown compound
- Find the relative abundance of each isotope of an element
- determine structural information about molecules
Atom economy
Addition reactions have an atom economy of 100
reactions with substitution or elimination are less than 100
How can salts be formed?
By neutralising acids with bases (proton acceptors) such as:
carbonates ( CO3(2-) ion)
metal oxides
alkalis (a soluble base that forms OH- ions)
Methyl Orange indicator
colour in acid- red
colour in base- yellow
end point colour- orange
Bromothymol blue indicator
colour in acid- yellow
colour in base- blue
end point colour- green
Phenolphthalein indicator
colour in acid- colourless
colour in base- pink
end point colour- pale pink (sometimes colourless)
What is the Avogadro constant?
The number of atoms per mole of the carbon 12 isotope.
What is an empirical formula?
The simplest whole number of atoms of each element present in a compound.
percentage yield.
actual amount of product÷ theoretical amount of product ×100
Atom economy
molecular mass of the desired product÷ sum of molecular masses of all products ×100
