20c3-21e1 Flashcards
Ὑπολάβοι ἂν οὖν τις ὑμῶν ἴσως· “Ἀλλ’, ὦ Σώκρατες, | τὸ σὸν τί ἐστι πρᾶγμα; πόθεν αἱ διαβολαί σοι αὗται γεγόνασιν; οὐ γὰρ δήπου σοῦ γε οὐδὲν τῶν ἄλλων περιττότερον πραγματευομένου ἔπειτα τοσαύτη φήμη τε καὶ λόγος γέγονεν, εἰ μή τι ἔπραττες ἀλλοῖον ἢ οἱ πολλοί. λέγε οὖν ἡμῖν τί ἐστιν, ἵνα μὴ ἡμεῖς περὶ σοῦ αὐτοσχεδιάζωμεν.”
Now, perhaps someone of you might answer, ‘But, Socrates, what is your occupation? From where, did this slander against you begin? For it is clearly not the case that you busied yourself with nothing more out of the ordinary than others, since rumours and talk of this kind would occur, unless you did something other than everyone else. Therefore, tell me what it is, in order that we don’t make up our minds about you.’
σου περι πραγ… abls. gen
εἰ … ἐπραττες - unreal condition
ταυτί μοι δοκεῖ δίκαια λέγειν ὁ λέγων, κἀγὼ ὑμῖν πειράσομαι ἀποδεῖξαι τί ποτ’ ἐστὶν τοῦτο ὃ ἐμοὶ πεποίηκεν τό τε ὄνομα καὶ τὴν διαβολήν. ἀκούετε δή. καὶ ἴσως μὲν δόξω τισὶν ὑμῶν παίζειν· | εὖ μέντοι ἴστε, πᾶσαν ὑμῖν τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐρῶ. ἐγὼ γάρ, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, δι’ οὐδὲν ἀλλ’ ἢ διὰ σοφίαν τινὰ τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα ἔσχηκα. ποίαν δὴ σοφίαν ταύτην; ἥπερ ἐστὶν ἴσως ἀνθρωπίνη σοφία· τῷ ὄντι γὰρ κινδυνεύω ταύτην εἶναι σοφός. οὗτοι δὲ τάχ’ ἄν, οὓς ἄρτι ἔλεγον, μείζω τινὰ ἢ κατ’ ἄνθρωπον σοφίαν σοφοὶ εἶεν, ἢ οὐκ ἔχω τί λέγω· οὐ γὰρ δὴ ἔγωγε αὐτὴν ἐπίσταμαι, ἀλλ’ ὅστις φησὶ ψεύδεταί τε καὶ ἐπὶ διαβολῇ τῇ ἐμῇ λέγει.
I think that he who says these things, speaks justly, and I will try to show to you whatever it is that made me this name and slander. So, listen. And equally I seem to be playing with some of you, however, know well that I will tell you the whole truth. For I, gentlemen, have acquired this name through nothing but a certain kind of wisdom. But what is this kind of wisdom? It is the very wisdom which is a human kind, for I am likely to be this kind of wise in fact. These people, whom I just spoke of, are perhaps of a certain wisdom which is greater than human wisdom, or I don’t know what to say. Because I do not know it myself, but he who says so both lies and slanders me.
καί μοι, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, μὴ θορυβήσητε, μηδ’ ἐὰν δόξω τι ὑμῖν μέγα λέγειν· | οὐ γὰρ ἐμὸν ἐρῶ τὸν λόγον ὃν ἂν λέγω, ἀλλ’ εἰς ἀξιόχρεων ὑμῖν τὸν λέγοντα ἀνοίσω. τῆς γὰρ ἐμῆς, εἰ δή τίς ἐστιν σοφία καὶ οἵα, μάρτυρα ὑμῖν παρέξομαι τὸν θεὸν τὸν ἐν Δελφοῖς. Χαιρεφῶντα γὰρ ἴστε που.
Don’t make an uproar, gentlemen, for me, not even if I seem to you to say something over the top. For the account I will give is not mine, but I will refer you to a trustworthy speaker. As witness of my wisdom, if indeed it is a wisdom, and of what sort it is, I will bring to you the god in Delphi. I think perhaps you know Chaerephon.
τίς ἐστιν - accent from εστιν, not interrogative.
καὶ οἵα -and what sort it is
οὗτος ἐμός τε ἑταῖρος ἦν ἐκ νέου καὶ ὑμῶν τῷ πλήθει ἑταῖρός τε καὶ συνέφυγε τὴν φυγὴν ταύτην καὶ μεθ’ ὑμῶν κατῆλθε. καὶ ἴστε δὴ οἷος ἦν Χαιρεφῶν, ὡς σφοδρὸς ἐφ’ ὅτι ὁρμήσειεν. καὶ δή ποτε καὶ εἰς Δελφοὺς ἐλθὼν ἐτόλμησε τοῦτο | μαντεύσασθαι—καί, ὅπερ λέγω, μὴ θορυβεῖτε, ὦ ἄνδρες—ἤρετο γὰρ δὴ εἴ τις ἐμοῦ εἴη σοφώτερος. ἀνεῖλεν οὖν ἡ Πυθία μηδένα σοφώτερον εἶναι. καὶ τούτων πέρι ὁ ἀδελφὸς ὑμῖν αὐτοῦ οὑτοσὶ μαρτυρήσει, ἐπειδὴ ἐκεῖνος τετελεύτηκεν.
This man was, from youth, a friend of mine and a friend to many of you, and he shared the recent exile and returned from it with you. And indeed, you know what kind of a man Chaerephon was, how excited he was about everything he turned his hand to. And in particular, going one time to Delphi, he dared to ask for this prophecy. And as I said, don’t shout, gentlemen, for he asked whether there was anyone wiser than me. Then, the Pythian replied that there was no one wiser. And his brother will be witness on these things to you, since that man is dead.
ὅπερ λέγω - the very thing which I said, ‘as I said’
Σκέψασθε δὴ ὧν ἕνεκα ταῦτα λέγω· μέλλω γὰρ ὑμᾶς διδάξειν ὅθεν μοι ἡ διαβολὴ γέγονεν. ταῦτα γὰρ ἐγὼ ἀκούσας ἐνεθυμούμην οὑτωσί· “Τί ποτε λέγει ὁ θεός, καὶ τί ποτε αἰνίττεται; ἐγὼ γὰρ δὴ οὔτε μέγα οὔτε σμικρὸν | σύνοιδα ἐμαυτῷ σοφὸς ὤν· τί οὖν ποτε λέγει φάσκων ἐμὲ σοφώτατον εἶναι; οὐ γὰρ δήπου ψεύδεταί γε· οὐ γὰρ θέμις αὐτῷ.” καὶ πολὺν μὲν χρόνον ἠπόρουν τί ποτε λέγει· ἔπειτα μόγις πάνυ ἐπὶ ζήτησιν αὐτοῦ τοιαύτην τινὰ ἐτραπόμην.
Now look/consider on what account I say these things, for I am about to tell you from where the slander against me began. As having heard these things, I considered in this way, ‘Whatever does the god mean and what is his riddle? For indeed, I know that I am not wise in any respect, great or small, so whatever does he mean, saying that I am the wisest? For it is against divine law for him to lie.’ and for a long time, I was at a loss about what he meant. Then, with great reluctance, I turned myself to a certain enquiry.
ἦλθον ἐπί τινα τῶν δοκούντων σοφῶν εἶναι, ὡς ἐνταῦθα εἴπερ που ἐλέγξων τὸ μαντεῖον καὶ ἀποφανῶν τῷ χρησμῷ ὅτι “Οὑτοσὶ ἐμοῦ σοφώτερός ἐστι, σὺ δ’ ἐμὲ ἔφησθα.” διασκοπῶν οὖν τοῦτον—ὀνόματι γὰρ οὐδὲν δέομαι λέγειν, ἦν δέ τις τῶν πολιτικῶν πρὸς ὃν ἐγὼ σκοπῶν τοιοῦτόν τι ἔπαθον, | ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, καὶ διαλεγόμενος αὐτῷ—ἔδοξέ μοι οὗτος ὁ ἀνὴρ δοκεῖν μὲν εἶναι σοφὸς ἄλλοις τε πολλοῖς ἀνθρώποις καὶ μάλιστα ἑαυτῷ, εἶναι δ’ οὔ· κἄπειτα ἐπειρώμην αὐτῷ δεικνύναι ὅτι οἴοιτο μὲν εἶναι σοφός, εἴη δ’ οὔ.
I went to a certain man, reputed to be wise, in order to refute the oracle, there if anywhere, and show to the oracle that ‘This man is wiser than me, but you said I was wiser.’ so examining him, I do not need to tell his name, he was a certain politician to with whom, in my investigation, I experienced the following, gentlemen, and talking with him, it seemed to me that he seemed to be wise to many other men and especially to himself, while not actually being wise. And then I tried to show him that while he thought he was wise, in fact he was not.
ἐντεῦθεν οὖν τούτῳ τε ἀπηχθόμην καὶ πολλοῖς τῶν παρόντων· πρὸς ἐμαυτὸν δ’ οὖν ἀπιὼν ἐλογιζόμην ὅτι τούτου μὲν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐγὼ σοφώτερός εἰμι· κινδυνεύει μὲν γὰρ ἡμῶν οὐδέτερος οὐδὲν καλὸν κἀγαθὸν εἰδέναι, | ἀλλ’ οὗτος μὲν οἴεταί τι εἰδέναι οὐκ εἰδώς, ἐγὼ δέ, ὥσπερ οὖν οὐκ οἶδα, οὐδὲ οἴομαι· ἔοικα γοῦν τούτου γε σμικρῷ τινι αὐτῷ τούτῳ σοφώτερος εἶναι, ὅτι ἃ μὴ οἶδα οὐδὲ οἴομαι εἰδέναι. ἐντεῦθεν ἐπ’ ἄλλον ᾖα τῶν ἐκείνου δοκούντων σοφωτέρων εἶναι καί μοι ταὐτὰ ταῦτα ἔδοξε· καὶ ἐνταῦθα κἀκείνῳ καὶ ἄλλοις πολλοῖς ἀπηχθόμην.
And so, from there, I became both hateful to him and to many of those present. So, as I left, I reasoned to myself that I was wiser than this man, for it is likely that neither of us know the fine or good, but he thought that he knew something, without knowing anything, and I, just as I know nothing, I don’t think I do either. At least then I am likely to be wiser by just this one small thing, that what I don’t know I don’t think I know. From there I went to another of those reputed to be wise and it seemed to be to be the same thing, and from there I was disliked by that man and by many others.
