203.01.06 Strategy and Risk Management

Question 1

Fire ground operations will fall in one of two strategies:

Answer 1

OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE

Question 2

Offensive and Defensive strategies are based off the risk management plan, which should be employed at:

Answer 2

All structure fires

Question 3

Considering the level of risk, the Incident Commander will choose the proper strategy to be used at the fire scene which is based off of:

Answer 3

a. The building (type of construction, condition, age, etc)
b. Structural integrity of the building (contents vs. structural involvement)
c. The fire load (what type of fuel is burning and what’s left to burn)
d. The fire and/or smoke conditions (extent, location, etc.)
e. The rescue profile (savable occupants/survivability profile)
f. Treat all buildings as if made from light-weight construction until proven otherwise.

Question 4

True or False: Darkening down a fire from the exterior while companies are in a protected area away from the fire area is acceptable; however only occurs through the direct order of Command.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Within the framework of the Risk Management Plan, the structure must first be:

Answer 5

determined to be safe to enter

Question 6

What is an Offensive Fire Attack centered on?

Answer 6

RESCUE / Fire Attack

Question 7

The following are guidelines for offensive fire attacks:

Answer 7

a. Ensure a RAT team is on the scene or one is responding.
b. Ensure a Safety Engine is on the scene or one is responding.
c. Initial attack efforts must be directed toward supporting a primary search and the first attack line must go between the victims and the fire to protect avenues of rescue and escape.
d. Determine fire conditions and extent before starting fire operations (as far as possible).
e. Attack the fire from the interior of the building; however, an
aggressive interior attack can begin with a stream operating from the exterior of the building prior to attack lines entering (Quick Water)
f. Command must consider the most critical direction and avenues of fire extension, plus its speed, particularly as they affect:
i. Rescue activities
ii. Level of risk to fire fighters
iii. Confinement efforts
iv. Exposure protection
g. Confining the fire is the number one priority; everything else gets better when “water is put on the fire”.

Question 8

When should Quick Water occur:

Answer 8

i. Presented with a large volume of fire that needs darkened down before entering.
ii. Fire at entry point (front door) extending outwards and involving porch, siding or other materials.
iii. Delayed entry due to access or forcible entry issues.

Question 9

The rescue/fire control-extension/exposure problem is solved in the majority of cases by:

Answer 9

A fast, strong, well-placed attack

Question 10

Name the 7 sides of a fire:

Answer 10

Front, rear, both-sides, top, bottom, and interior

Question 11

Do not break windows, doors or vent the roof until:

Answer 11

A hose line is in place and operational

Question 12

Where should ventilation holes be made?

Answer 12

Ventilation openings should only be made in the fire area

Question 13

True or False: Once the hose is advancing, control of the entry door isn’t a
great concern.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

It takes a certain amount of time to get water to a location, and the
fire continues to burn while the attack is being set up… WHAT IS THIS TIME CALLED

Answer 14

Reflex Time

Question 15

THE ONLY REASON TO OPERATE IN MARGINAL SITUATIONS IS:

Answer 15

RESCUE

Question 16

The ________ controls overall incident scene safety by determining the proper strategy to be used.

Answer 16

Incident Commander

Question 17

Command should abandon marginal attacks when:

Answer 17

a. A primary all clear is obtained and the situation is still marginal.
b. The roof is unsafe or untenable. Especially working fires in large unsupported attics, bowstring truss or lightweight trussed attic spaces.
c. Interior forces encounter heavy heat and cannot locate the fire or
cannot make any progress on the fire.
d. Heavy smoke is being forced from the building under pressure and is increasing.

Question 18

Command needs to constantly evaluate conditions while operating in marginal situations. This requires frequent and detailed reports from?

Answer 18

Division/Group Supervisors

Question 19

Where should roof evaluation come from?

Answer 19

aerial ladder or adjacent building.

Question 20

In these situations (marginal), Command should strongly consider not
committing crews to the interior of a structure unless he/she, receives a report from:

Answer 20

The Roof Division that the roof of the structure is safe to operate on and under.

Question 21

The forward progress of the fire has been stopped and the remaining fire can be extinguished with the on-scene resources; it does not mean the fire is completely out.

Answer 21

Fire under control

Question 22

When the fire is brought under control, Command will:

Answer 22

Notify Dispatch utilizing the standard radio report of “FIRE UNDER CONTROL.” Dispatch will record the time of this report. Command must initiate a PAR report from all on scene resources.

Question 23

The decision to operate in a defensive strategy indicates that the offensive attack strategy, or the potential for one, has been abandoned for reasons of:

Answer 23

Personnel safety, and the involved structure has been conceded as lost (the Incident Commander made a conscious decision to write the structure off).

Question 24

The announcement of a change to a defensive strategy will be made as:

Answer 24

Emergency Traffic
(Example: “Emergency all Companies at (address) retreat, retreat, retreat we are going defensive”)

Question 25

All personnel will withdraw from the structure AND MAINTAIN A SAFE DISTANCE FROM THE BUILDING outside the collapse zone which is at least:

Answer 25

1 1⁄2 (1.5x) times the distance of the highest point of the building. Note: In brick or ordinary buildings, consider a larger collapse zone due to secondary spread of block and brick once it strikes the ground.

Question 26

PAR?

Answer 26

Personnel Accountability Report

Question 27

What shall be obtained after any switch from offensive to defensive strategy?

Answer 27

PAR (Personnel Accountability Report)

Question 28

When should you retreat with your hose line?

Answer 28

Crews should retreat with their hose lines if safe to do so.

Question 29

When should hose lines be abandoned?

Answer 29

If retreat is being delayed because of hose lines, and it’s unsafe to
stay in the building, hose lines should be abandoned

Question 30

What is the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd priorities in Defensive Operations?

Answer 30

The first priority in defensive operations is personnel safety
The second is exposure protection.
The next priority may be to knock down the main body of fire. This may assist in protection of exposures but does not replace it as a higher priority

Question 31

What is generally the most effective tactic to be employed in defensive operations?

Answer 31

Master Streams

Question 32

For tactical purposes, a standard master stream flow of greater than ______ should be the guideline

Answer 32

750 GPM

Question 33

What should exposures be controlled with?

Answer 33

2-1/2 or Master Stream

Question 34

Protect exposures in the following order:

Answer 34

i. Greatest life hazard first.
ii. Greatest value.
iii. Most severe exposure

Question 35

If defensive operations are conducted from the onset of the incident, Command will notify Dispatch that there will not be a ______ completed for the affected structure(s).

Answer 35

primary search