2021 JVIM Flashcards
Multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study of rabacfosadine in dogs with lymphoma
Rabacfosadine demonstrated statistically significant antitumor efficacy in dogs with lymphoma when administered every 21 days for up to 5 treatments as compared to placebo.
Use of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) to detect kidney infarction in dogs
The CECT, especially the sagittal plane, is a useful diagnostic tool for the detection of kidney infarction in dogs.
Glycogen storage disease in a young cat with heart failure
Case report
Effect of washing units of canine red blood cells on storage lesions
A single wash of stored whole blood significantly reduces most extracellular storage lesions, and additional washing might cause hemolysis.
Effect of washing units of canine red blood cells on storage lesions
Novel clonality assays for T cell lymphoma in cats targeting the T cell receptor beta, T cell receptor delta, and T cell receptor gamma loci
The assessment of multiple T cell loci compensates for the potential shortcomings of individual assays. Using a combination of molecular clonality assays will increase the overall sensitivity for the diagnosis of T-cell lymphoma in cats, especially intestinal, and hepatic small cell lymphoma. Hepatic small cell lymphomas detected by the new TRG assay utilized rarely expressed V and J genes not recognized by previous assays, likely indicating unique biology of hepatic small cell lymphoma in cats.
Seasonal variation in serum metabolites of northern European dogs
We found no clear evidence that seasonal reference ranges need to be established for serum metabolites of dogs.
Plasma sodium and potassium concentrations after hypophysectomy in dogs with corticotroph adenomas
Hypernatremia remains a frequent postoperative complication after transsphenoidal hypophysectomy but did not appear to have an impact on postoperative outcome. No predisposing factor to postoperative hypernatremia was identified. Variations in plasma potassium concentrations do not seem to influence postoperative outcome.
Transvenous embolization of moderate to large patent ductus arteriosus in dogs using the Amplatzer vascular plug II (AVP-II)
The AVP-II is a safe and effective device for transvenous embolization in dogs with moderate to large PDA.
Primary orthostatic tremor and orthostatic tremor-plus in dogs: 60 cases (2003-2020)
Primary OT is a progressive disease of young, purebred, giant/large-breed dogs, which appears to begin later in life in Retrievers. Primary OT apparently responds partially to medications. Orthostatic tremor-plus exists in dogs and can be concomitant or associated with other neurological diseases.
Subcutaneous ureteral bypass device placement in 81 cats with benign ureteral obstruction (2013-2018)
This study suggests that SUB device placement is associated with good outcomes and could be considered for the treatment of BUO in cats.
Frequency of signs of chronic gastrointestinal disease in dogs after an episode of acute hemorrhagic diarrhea
Severe intestinal mucosal damage and associated barrier dysfunction might trigger chronic GI disease later in life.
Interleukin-6 and thrombopoietin concentrations in dogs with carcinoma with and without thrombocytosis
Thrombopoietin concentrations were significantly higher in dogs with carcinoma, regardless of platelet count. Thrombopoietin is likely to be 1 of multiple factors that can impact platelet number, production, and consumption in dogs with carcinoma.
Retrospective evaluation of cystoscopic-guided laser ablation (CLA) of intramural ectopic ureters (EU) in female dogs
Cystoscopic-guided laser ablation for intramural EU in female dogs provides improvement in incontinence. Dogs remaining incontinent after CLA may improve with adjunctive medical management. Surgical management is required to manage incontinence in dogs with extramural EU.
Echocardiographic reference intervals for right ventricular indices, including 3-dimensional volume and 2-dimensional strain measurements in healthy dogs
Echocardiographic RIs for RV structure and function are provided.
Cushing’s syndrome caused by intra-adrenocortical adrenocorticotropic hormone in a dog
Case report
Urinary 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 concentrations in 20 dogs with primary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia
Urinary 11-dTXB:Cr (urinary 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 to urine creatinine ratio) is increased in dogs with IMHA compared to healthy controls, consistent with a prothrombotic state. However, in this IMHA population u11-dTXB:Cr was not associated with survival or suspected thrombosis.
Agreement and differentiation of intradural spinal cord lesions in dogs using magnetic resonance imaging
Overall accuracy in diagnosis was reasonable, and positive diagnostic calls for intradural extramedullary lesions and negative calls for intramedullary lesions are likely to be helpful. Observers exhibited considerable disagreement in designation of lesions relationship to the meninges.
Suspected primary hyperreninism in a cat with malignant renal sarcoma and global renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system upregulation
Case report
Comparison of serum creatine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase activity in dogs with Neospora meningoencephalitis and noninfectious meningoencephalitis
High serum CK and AST activity can increase suspicion for neosporosis while awaiting serological tests for dogs with meningoencephalitis.
Toxicity of zoledronic acid after intravenous administration: A retrospective study of 95 dogs
Multiple doses of ZA were well tolerated in dogs within this study. A small number of dogs developed progressive azotemia which was not associated with cumulative dose.
Utility of a corticotropin-releasing hormone test (CRHT) to differentiate pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism from cortisol-producing adrenal tumors (CPAT) in dogs
CRHT appears to be a rapid and reliable test for differentiating PDH from CPAT in dogs.
Association between hyperlipidemia and calcium oxalate lower urinary tract uroliths in dogs
Serum lipid screening in dogs diagnosed with CaOx uroliths might be recommended to improve their medical staging and management.
Congenital muscular dystrophy in a dog with a LAMA2 gene deletion
Case report
Evaluation of various sample sources for the cytologic diagnosis of Cytauxzoon felis
Schizont-laden macrophages are most frequently identified in spleen, even by novice observers. If the diagnosis of acute cytauxzoonosis cannot be confirmed via blood film, then splenic, followed by peripheral lymph node aspirates can be considered.
Performance of lymph node cytopathology in diagnosis and characterization of lymphoma in dogs
Cytopathology may result in accurate diagnosis of lymphoma, but accuracy decreases when further characterization is needed. Cytopathology represents a fundamental aid in identifying lymphoma and can be used as a screening test to predict grade and phenotype. However, these results must be confirmed using other ancillary techniques, including flow cytometry, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry (IHC).
Retraction of “Utility of the combined use of 3 serologic markers in the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic enteropathies in dogs”
Letter regarding “Utility of the combined use of 3 serologic markers in the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic enteropathies in dogs”
Response to letter regarding “Utility of the combined use of 3 serologic markers in the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic enteropathies in dogs”
Treatment and outcomes of dogs with hepatocutaneous syndrome or hepatocutaneous-associated hepatopathy
Optimized ACHES management can resolve SND (superficial necrolytic dermatitis) and HCH (hepatocutaneous associated hepatopathy) and confer long-term survival.
Toxicity, outcome, and management of anthracycline overdoses in 16 dogs
All patients received supportive care after identifying the OD and death was uncommon. Further evaluation is needed to determine ideal therapeutic guidelines anthracycline OD.
Predicting outcomes in hyperthyroid cats treated with radioiodine
Age, sex, serum TSH concentration, bilateral and homogeneous 99mTc-pertechnetate uptake on scintigraphy, severity score, and percent 131I uptake are all factors that might help predict outcome of 131I treatment in hyperthyroid cats. Cats with persistent hyperthyroidism had many predictive factors that directly contrasted those of cats that developed 131I-induced hypothyroidism.
Evaluation by polymerase chain reaction assay of persistent shedding of pathogenic leptospires in the urine of dogs with leptospirosis
Persistent leptospiruria is common despite treatment with antibiotics frequently recommended for treatment. Follow-up urine PCR to confirm clearance of the organism is recommended in all dogs. In dogs with persistent leptospiruria, chronic kidney disease can develop after acute kidney injury.
Bartonella spp. seroepidemiology and associations with clinicopathologic findings in dogs in the United States
Demographic and geographic findings for Bartonella spp. exposure were broadly comparable to previously reported patterns.
Repurposing medical devices as “button” esophagostomy tubes for extended nutritional support
The LP (low profile) enteral feeding tubes from the human medical field can be successfully used as LP E-tubes in dogs and cats, offering superior patient comfort, with no obvious detriment to the patient and main drawback of higher cost.
Nasopharyngeal bacterial and fungal microbiota in normal horses and horses with nasopharyngeal cicatrix syndrome
Significant differences were identified in the fungal microbiota in horses affected with NCS and farms affected with NCS compared to those unaffected. Therefore, Bipolaris warrants further investigation.
