2014 Flashcards
Why is nonsetting NSCaOH the ideal inter appointment medicament (2 marks)
- Easy to remove
- High pH can be bacteriostatic
- Reduces inflammation through hydrolysis of LPS
b) Reasons for obturating? (3 marks)
- Prevents bacterial ingress at the apical foramen
- Prevents coronal leakage of bacteria
- Prevents any bacteria left in the root canal spreading elsewhere
c) What are the components of GP other than rubber? (2 marks)
- 20% GP
- 65% zinc oxide
- 10% plasticisers
- 5% radiopacifers
a) Name 3 common features of Parkinson’s. (3 marks)
- Bradykinesia
- Rigidity
- Tremor at rest
b) How does movement of a Parkinson’s patient differ from other cerebral disease? (1 mark)
-Tremor will reduce on intention for Parkinson’s patients
Why would a Parkinson’s patient experience a dry mouth?
-Anti-cholinergic effect of medication
e)Most important reason for not extracting teeth in Parkinson’s patient. (2 marks)
-Psychological impact of keeping their own teeth
-Risk of postural hypotension
Two key principles affecting future oral health of this patient. (1 mark)
(parkinsons)
-Prevention of oral disease as future appoitment may be harder
-Timing of dental appointments will be longer
c)What is the anterior convex portion of TMJ called
What is the concave portion of the TMJ called
Articular eminence
Articular/mandibular Fossa
Three forms of candidosis
and what would you treat it with
- Pseudomembranous
- Erythematous
- Hyperplastic
- Angular cheilitis
Azole
Give another name for master impressions.
Definitive impressions
Two factors that provide physical retention
- Sulcus depth
- Buccinator muscle
- Orbicularis oris muscle
Two anatomical features for position of posterior of maxillary denture. (2 marks)
-Maxillary tuberosity/hamular notch
-Palatine fovea
Three anatomical features to be included on lower denture impression. (3 marks)
- Buccal shelf
- Retromolar pad
- Mandibular tori
Two materials that can be used for master impressions
lginate
Polyether
Two characteristics of biofilm extra cellular matrix ECM that provides antimicrobial resistance. (2 marks)
-Extra cellular polymeric substances limit diffusion of antimicrobials into the biofilm
-Glucans provide strong cell-cell adhesion
Two bacteria involved in caries
- S. Mutans
- Lactobacillus acidophillus
What are the two types of manual cleaning and name an example of what would be cleaned with each? (2 marks)
Immersion – Probes
Non-immersion – Handpieces
Why is deionised water used in sterilisers? (1 mark)
Impurities can provide retention for microorganisms
a) What percentage of patients experience sensitivity after tooth whitening? (1 mark)
60
Three predisposing factors likely to cause sensitivity. (3 marks
-Patient has pre-existing sensitivity
-Patient has gingival recession
-Patient has hypomineralised teeth
How does bleaching cause external cervical resorption describing its method of action? (2 marks)
H2O2 diffuses through dentine into periodontal tissues
Use of high concentrations of H2O2 and heat exacerbates this risk
Four factors to diagnose Alzheimer’s. (4 marks)
- Loss of orientation
- Loss of comprehension
- Loss of memory
- Loss of judgement
Three questions to ask patient aiming to quit smoking. (3 marks)
-How many years have you smoked for?
-How many cigarettes do you smoke per day?
-Have you tried to quit before?
-Would you like me to direct you to some resources to help?
Two services that they can be referred to. (2 marks) (smoking cessation)
-Local pharmacy
-Local supports groups
Posteriors horizontally magnified on one side what would cause this in a OPT?
Patient moved away from the machine at this point
Three features of a ghost image. (3 marks)
-Appears contralaterally to item causing it
-Appears higher up
-Appears larger
Which border can be seen horizontal above the molars in a radiograph (1 mark)
Which border can be seen vertically above the 3rd maxillary molar? (1 mark)
Inferior border of maxillary sinus
Posterior border of maxillary sinus
How does pulp communicate with the periodontal ligament PDL. (3 marks)
Through the apical foramen
Lateral canals contain connective tissue and vessels between the pulp and PDL
Pulp can communicate with PDL through dentine tubules in areas lacking cementum
