2010 Earthquake Haiti (LIC/Multi-Hazardous Environment) Flashcards
Disasters Emegency Comittee (DEC) relief and reconstruction how much was raised and how many people reached?
The DEC Appeal has now raised £107m – two-thirds directly and one-third through its member agencies – which will be spent over three years
DEC agencies and their partners have nearly £380m to spend in total from all sources
1.8million people reached by DEC funded aid
What did the DEC do between 2010-2012 to speed up recovery?
Improving the water supply of 340,000 people
Supplying drugs to five cholera treatment facilities serving 18,000 people
Providing free medical care to 39,000 people
Giving tools and seeds to help 23,000 people in farming households support themselves
Providing improved shelter for 34,000 people
Giving information to 116,000 people about preparing for future disasters
Running literary classes for 60,000 vulnerable women to help them support themselves and their families
Why is the location of Haiti vulnerable to sesismic hazards?
-Haiti is located on the plate margin where the North American Plate is sliding past the Caribbean plate, causing huge amounts of friction and a large seismic hazard risk.
Introduction/background information
-On the morning of 12th January 2010, built up pressure between the Caribbean and Gonâve microplate caused a magnitude 7.0 earthquake with and epicentre 25km west of the capital, Port-au-Prince, one of the worst disasters of our time.
Stage 1 of recovery- recuse 1-10 weeks
- The first step was emergency teams working with government and communities to recuse trapped people, clear rubble and restore water and sanitation to prevent disease.
-Haiti has a number of self-help groups, NGOs, unions, faith groups, and youth brigades that helped mobilise the emergency effort.
Stage 2 of recovery: assessment 6-10 weeks
- The UN, government donors, the world bank and charities needed to assess the extent of the damage and devastation and fully understand in order for recovery to begin,
There was therefore a pause since planning was needed
-attention was focused on the capital Port au Prince, although cities like carrefour and jacmel were also damaged as well as hundreds of rural communties
Primary impacts
-Ports, hospitals, houses ans schools and roads were in a dreadful state and there was little piped water or electricity beyond the business area of the capital
-Pumps and pipes had been severely damaged, government records lost, teachers, doctors, engineers and professionals had been injured or killed.
Stage 3: coordination 1-10 weeks
-Coordination was needed at a national and NGO level with a long term approach
Stage 4: rehabilitation 1-52 weeks
-Red cross suggested 3 million people needed to be rehoused, there was a need for a complete rebuilding of the country’s infrastructure
-Haitis record of money handling is poor, and is one of the worlds most aid dependent states
-The recovery was hampered by deep corruption, poor civil service and mistrust between the donor community and the government
Stage 5: resconstruction 1-40 years
-Realistically, the reconstruction efforts will take decades
-Efforts have been poor in Haiti, hampered by government corruption and poor money handling
Magnitude
7.0 Mw
Why did most of the damage occur in the capital?
Shallow focus
Strength of shaking
High population density
Poor quality housing
Secondary impacts
Cholera spread quickly 10 months after, killing 9,000 people
Social impacts (4)
220,000 people died
2 million displaced to temporary accommodation
Essential services and communication lines cut
Prison was destroyed- 4000 inmates escaped-looting and violence
