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Question 1

What are the stages of developing a piece of software? (8 steps)

Answer 1

1. Initial planning
2. Cycle of steps:
   
   2. 1. Planning
   3. 2. Design
   4. 3. Implement code
   5. 4. Test
   6. 5. Evaluate
   7. 6. Debug
3. Deploy

Question 2

How is software development divided?

Answer 2

Small time coding

Most of the time is fixing code

Question 3

What is the level of computer language?

Answer 3

This is the amount of abstraction from the computers instruction set archetecture

Question 4

What is the lowest level of computer language?

Answer 4

Machine code

Question 5

What is machine code? is it easy to use?

Answer 5

Lowest level computing language
Binary
Hard to read

Question 6

What is assembly language?

Answer 6

Symbolic notation of machine code
Uses mnemonics
Hard to program

Question 7

What is a high level language? (5)

Answer 7

Large abstraction
Natural language
Some processes are automated
Easier to code
Compiler is used to convert to machine code

Question 8

What is an assembler?

Answer 8

Converts between mnemonics and machine code

Question 9

What is portability with regards to the level of code?

Answer 9

Portability is the ability for code to be ran on different computer systems.
Machine code is not portable

Question 10

How can high level code be run on different computers?

Answer 10

Compilers convert high level code to the machine code specific for a type of computer

Question 11

What is C++ with regards to C?

Answer 11

C++ is an extension of C code

Question 12

What is the file extension for C?

Answer 12

.c

Question 13

What is the file extension for C++?

Answer 13

.cpp

.cc

Question 14

What is the file extension for a header?

Answer 14

.h

Question 15

What is a compiler?

Answer 15

Convert high level code to the machine code specific for a type of computer.
Compilation usually has a few steps.

Question 16

What are the steps of compilation?

Answer 16

Pre-process
Compilation
Assembly
Linking

Question 17

What is the pre-process step?

Answer 17

This involves the source code being expanded to include all files and macros

Question 18

What is the compilation step?

Answer 18

Expanded code is converted into assembly code made from mneumonics

Question 19

What is the assembly step?

Answer 19

The assembly code is converted into binary machine code

Question 20

What is the linking step?

Answer 20

This is combining the object code with any library code to make an executable file

Question 21

What simplest command used to compile a C file?

Answer 21

g++ -0 HelloWorld.exe main.cpp

Question 22

What is the command to execute code?

Answer 22

./HelloWorld.exe

Question 23

What is the use of flags during compilation?

Answer 23

They are able to edit or stop the compilation at a certain step?

Question 24

What does the -0 flag do?

Answer 24

This names executable the file to the name specified rather than naming it with a letter.
g++ -0 HelloWorld.exe main.cpp

Question 25

What does the -E flag do?

Answer 25

This stops the compilation after pre-processing

Question 26

What does the -S flag do?

Answer 26

This stops the compilation after the compilation process

Question 27

What does the -c flag do?

Answer 27

This stops the compilation after the assembly process.

This creates an object file (.o extension)

Question 28

What does the -o flag do?

Answer 28

This allows the object code to be linked in the final step:

g++ -o HelloWorld.exe main.o

Question 29

What does the -Wall flag do?

Answer 29

Outputs any warnings from the code.

Question 30

What does the -O flag do?

Answer 30

This optimises the code automatically. The level of optimisation can be set with:

• O1
• O2
• O3

Question 31

What is Mbed?

Answer 31

This is a platform to develop embedded applications. It is cloud based