20. Oral Cavity and Pharynges (Wright) Flashcards

1
Q

Explain the innervation of the tongue.

A

Posterior ⅓, both sensation AND taste = glossopharyngeal.

Anterior ⅔ taste = facial

Anterior ⅔ sensory = lingual (branch of the mandibular N. [branch of CN V])

Movement for the entire tongue = hypoglossal

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2
Q

Parasympathetic axons in what nerve stimulates parotid salivary secretions?

A

CN IX

Glossopharyngeal

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3
Q

Parasympathetic axons in what cranial nerve stimulates salivary secretion in the sublingual and submandibular gland?

A

Facial N

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4
Q

What stimulates mucus secretion from the sublingual gland?

A

Sympathetic fibers from the cervical ganglia.

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5
Q
A
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6
Q

What nerve can be found deep to the palatine tonsil?

A

The glossopharyngeal N.

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7
Q

What three muscles depress the torus tubarius and open the eustachian tube?

A

Superior pharyngeal constrictor.

Tensor veli palatini.

Levator veli palatini.

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8
Q

What happens if the tensor veli palatini or levator veli palatini are paralyzed?

What nerves innervate them?

A

Oral contents will reflux into the oral cavity or auditory tube dysfunction

Levator veli palatini is the laryngeal branch of the vagus N.

Tensor veli palatini is medial pterygoid (a branch of V3 — off of the trigeminal)

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9
Q

Describe neural control of saliva secretions

A
  • parasympathetic axons in CN IX stimulate parotid salivary gland secretions
  • parasympathetic axons in CN VII stimulate submandibular and sublingual salivary gland secretions
  • Sympathetic stimulation from cervical ganglia stimulates mucus secretions
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10
Q

Structure/Location of Parotid

Type of secretion

Percentage of saliva

A

largest, anteroinferior to ear

only serous

25-30%

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11
Q

Structure/location of Submandibular

types of secretion

percentage of saliva

A

medial to mandibular angle, opens lateral to lingual frenulum

mucous and serous

60-70%

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12
Q

Structure and location of salivary glands

types of secretions

percentage of saliva

A

smallest, inferior to tongue, opens into floor of oral cavity

mucous and serous

3-5% of all saliva

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13
Q

What does the periodontal Ligament assist in?

A

maintaining health of alveolar bone. When tooth is lost, the periodontal L. is lost and leads to bone loss

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14
Q

glossopharyngeal nerve does what reflex?

vagal nerve does what reflex?

A

gag

cough/vomit

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15
Q

All pharyngeal constrictors innervated by what?

A

vagus N.

stylopharyngeus is glossopharyngeal N.

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16
Q

What are Waldyer’s Ring?

A

Waldyer’s lymphatic ring is composed of palatine, pharyngeal and lingual tonsils

Drain to deep cervical lymph nodes

17
Q

the glossopharyngeal nerve is deep to what structure?

Both of these arteries serve which palatine tonsils

A

palatine tonsil

tonsillar branch of ascending artery

tonsillar branch of facial artery

18
Q

Tensor veli palatini important function?

A

tenses soft palate and acts on pharyngotympnic tube for depressurizing middle ear (CN V3)

like popping ears on an airplane by swallowing

19
Q

Levator Veli Palatini important function?

A

elevates the tensed palate and acts on pharyngotympanic tube

CN X, pharyngeal plexus

20
Q

Describe stage one of swallowing

A

Voluntary

bolus is compressed against palate and pushed from mouth into oropharynx by movement of tongue and soft palate

21
Q

Describe stage 2 of swallowing

A
  • involuntary and rapid
  • soft palate is elevated, seals off nasopharynx from oro and laryngopharyx
  • pharynx widens and shortens to receive bolus as suprahyoid and pharyngeal muscles contract, elevating larynx
22
Q

describe stage 3 of swallowing

A

involuntary, contraction of all three pharyngeal constrictor muscles force food inferiorly into esophagus

23
Q

What does the pharyngeal plexus provide innervation for?

A

sensory innervation of the oropharynx and laryngopharynx from CN IX and X, respectively

nasopharyngeal above the auditory tube and the torus tubarious is innervated by V2

Motor to all of these structures is vagus, except stylopharyngeus