2 - Tissue types and structures I Flashcards
What are the 4 basic tissue types?
epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
tight, adherens, desmosome, hemidesmosome, gap
What is a tight junction?
plasma membranes are pressed tightly to prevent leakage
What is an adherens junction?
Cadherin receptor linked to the actin cytoskeleton
What is a desmosome junction?
function like rivets, fastening cells together into strong sheets
What is a hemidesmosome junction?
anchors the basal plasma to the basal lamina and found in the basal membrane
What is a gap junction?
channel proteins from two neighbouring cells align to allow material exchange between the two cells
what is the function of nervous tissue?
detect changes in the internal and external environment and acts to maintain homeostasis
What are the 2 main cell types of nervous tissue?
- Neurons (conduct electrical signals)
2. Glial cells (insulate, protect and Support neurons)
what are the 3 different types of neuronal cells?
mutipolar, bipolar and unipolar neurone
What is the function of muscle tissue?
generates physical force for movement
What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?
skeletal (voluntary), cardiac (heart contractions), smooth (involuntary)
What are skeletal tissues?
long, cylindrical cells containing many peripheral nuclei
Skeletal muscle is striated. True or false?
true
What is cardiac muscle?
found only in the heart, cells joined end-to-end by intercalated discs
cardiac muscle is striated. true or false?
true
what is smooth muscle?
Found in the walls of all the hollow organs. cells are thick in the middle and taper at each end
smooth muscle is striated. true or false?
false
what are the characteristics of epithelium?
avascular, covers surfaces, forms glands, forms continuous sheets
What is simple squamous epithelium?
single layer of flat cells with disc-shaped nuclei
what is simple cuboidal epithelium?
a single layer of cube-like cells with large, spherical central nuclei
What is non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium?
a single layer of non-ciliated columnlike cells with oval nuclei near the base of cells
What is ciliated simple columnar epithelium?
Moves mucus; with goblet cells
what is stratified squamous epithelium?
Several layers of closely packed flat cells
what is stratified cuboidal epithelium?
Several layers of cuboidal cells. Quite rare in the body. Found in some sweat and mammary glands. Typically two layers thick.
what is stratified columnar epithelium?
multiple layers of cells; the upper layer is columnar
What is transitional epithelium?
Specialized to change in response to increased tension
Several layers of cuboidal cells
