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BVM1 - Animal Husbandry > 2. Small Mammal husbandry > Flashcards

2. Small Mammal husbandry Flashcards

1
Q

How long to rabbits generally live?

A

8-12 years in captivity

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2
Q

How to identify a relaxed rabbit?

A

Lying down with ears close together, facing slightly backwards and pointing outwards sometimes with eyes partially closed

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3
Q

How to identify a dutch rabbit?

A

Distinctive white markings

  • can be black, brown, ginger/white but have a white blaze on nose and white saddle on back
  • medium sized rabbit with a compact body and upright ears
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4
Q

How to identify a english rabbit?

A

number of colour varieties
- all share butterfly nose markings, eye circles, cheek spots, line of coloured fur down the back, coloured ears and a chain of spots

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5
Q

How to identify a rex rabbit?

A

Result of a recessive genetic mutation, guard hairs that aren’t longer than the undercoat - coat has a velvety texture
- compact round body in a wide range of colours

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6
Q

How to identify a continental giant rabbit?

A

Usually over 5kg and have large ears

  • soft coat with dense fur
  • wide range of colours
  • often have a shorter lifespan of around 4-6yrs
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7
Q

How to identify a mini/dwarf lop rabbit?

A

Distinguished by their size - usually below 1.6kg but can be up to 2.4kg

  • wide range of colours
  • pendulous ears
  • often have brachycephalic faces
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8
Q

How to identify a netherland dwarf rabbit?

A

One of the smallest breeds

  • can also be identified by their short upright ears
  • variety of colours
  • flighty and typically need a lot of space to burn energy
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9
Q

How to identify a lionhead rabbit?

A

Small, short, well rounded body, long hair surrounding the face

  • an attempt to produce a long coated dwarf rabbit by crossing a miniature swiss fox and a belgian dwarf
  • partly rounded head and shorter, thicker ears
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10
Q

How to identify a male rabbit?

A

have a longer ano-genital distance

- genital opening is round and prepuce can often be extruded

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11
Q

How to identify a female rabbit?

A

Shorter ano-genital distance

- genital opening is slit like

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12
Q

How to safely handle a rabbit?

A

Approach calmly and scoop into the arms whilst firmly supporting the back

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13
Q

How to create a bunny burrito?

A
  1. Lay out a towel/blanket and place rabbit in the middle towards the top
  2. Lift towel edge under the rabbits chin like a bib, tight to the rabbit
  3. While holding the edge of the towel under the chin fold one side of the towel over the rabbits body and repeat on the other side.
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14
Q

What are myomorphs?

A

Mouse like rodents

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15
Q

What are hysticomorphs?

A

Porcupine like rodents

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16
Q

What are sciuromorphs?

A

Squirrel like rodents

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17
Q

How long generally do hamsters live?

A

~2-3 years

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18
Q

How should syrian and dwarf hamsters be housed?

A 
Syrian = solitary 
Dwarf = live in pairs or social groups but fighting is common in captivity
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19
Q

How to identify a syrian hamster?

A

Wide range of colours

  • can be long haired - teddy bear coat
  • weigh between 90-130g
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20
Q

How to identify a chinese hamster?

A

Long slender body

  • dorsal stripe
  • longer tail
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21
Q

How to identify a russian dwarf campbell hamster?

A

Broad stocky hamster with short legs and a short tail

- most have a brown coat with a lighter ventrum

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22
Q

How to identify a russian dwarf winter white hamster?

A

Broad stocky hamster with short legs and a short tail

- generally have white/lighter coats and the colour can change with the season

23
Q

How to identify a Robrovski hamster?

A

Smallest of the common dwarf hamster - 18-28g

  • short broad body
  • different colours but brown with a white ventrum is the most common
24
Q

How to sex a small rodent?

A

Males have a longer ano-genital distance and obviuos testes if entire
Females have a shorter ano-genital distance

25
Q

How to identify a short haired guinea pig?

A

Smooth coat

- variety of colours

26
Q

How to identify a abyssinian guinea pig?

A

Fur grows in rosette patterns

Multiple colour varieties

27
Q

How to identify a peruvian guinea pig?

A

long haired - dense can grow to over a foot in length

Multiple colour varieties

28
Q

How to identify a skinny guinea pig?

A

Almost completely hairless

  • can have some hair on the muzzle, legs and feet but only a thin covering elsewhere on the body
  • skin problems are common
29
Q

How to sex a guinea pig?

A

Females have a Y shaped genital opening and a short ano-genital distance
Males have a round prepuce and a longer ano-genital distance

30
Q

How long do chinchillas live?

A

10-15 years

31
Q

How to sex a chinchilla or degu?

A

Males have large testicles either side of the anus and prepuce
Females have a shorter ano-genital distance

32
Q

How to safely restrain a chinchilla/degu?

A

Supported gently around the shoulders with a second hand under the rump

33
Q

How to sex a ferret?

A

Males (hobs) have a ventral prepuce and a scrotum containing 2 testicles
Females (jills) have a slit like vulva which enlarges when in oestrus

34
Q

How to safely restrain a ferret?

A

Restrain around the shoulders

Holding vertically may help keep still

35
Q

How should rabbits be housed?

A

In pairs

2 averaged sized rabbits need an area 3m x 2m x 1m

36
Q

What are issues with housing rabbits inside?

A

Higher prevalence of sore hocks (pododermatitis)

37
Q

How should mice & rats be housed?

A

Pairs or groups

  • enclosure should be spacious, secure and well ventilated
  • non dusty substrates
38
Q

How should hamsters be housed?

A

Usually best kept alone

  • avoid cotton wool or similar fluffy nesting material - impaction
  • need regular supervised exercise
39
Q

How should gerbils be housed?

A

Pairs or groups

  • smooth walls and floors - prevent injuries
  • provides opportunities for burrowing, tunnels and hides - sand bath for grooming
40
Q

How should guinea pigs be housed?

A

Pairs or groups
Inside or out
Soft bedding to prevent pododermatitis

41
Q

How should chinchillas be housed?

A

Pairs or groups

  • multilevel enclosure to allow climbing and jumping
  • variety of flooring -pododermatitis
42
Q

How should degus be housed?

A

Pairs or groups

  • allow digging and burrowing
  • dust baths
43
Q

How should ferrets be housed?

A

Indoors or outdoors
Trained to harness and lead
- like tubes and tunneling

44
Q

How should african pygmy hedgehogs be housed?

A

Supplementary heat source
- basic cage or vivarium
need regular exercise

45
Q

Describe a rabbits ideal diet

A

high fibre, low carbohydrate

  • need fresh greens, veg and herbs
  • avoid fruit or carrots
46
Q

Describe a guinea pigs ideal diet

A

hay, pellets, vegetables

- absolute dietary requirement for vitamin C

47
Q

What does a lack of vitamin C result in?

A

Hypovitaminosis C (Scurvy)

  • collagen abnormalities
  • compromises blood vessel integrity and tooth attachments
48
Q

Describe a chinchilla’s ideal diet

A

Hay and pellets

- dried herbs, fruit or veg should be a treat, can cause diarrhoea

49
Q

Describe a degu’s ideal diet

A

Hay, pellets, veg

  • prone to diabetes
  • may need vitamin C supplementation
50
Q

Describe a ferrets ideal diet

A

Obligate carnivores

  • short GI transit time, can’t cope with long periods of fasting
  • need high fat, high protein, low carbohydrate diet
  • naturally lay down fat reserves in autumn-winter
51
Q

Describe a african pygmy hedgehogs ideal diet

A

Omnivores

  • live insects only as a treat and need additional calcium supplementation
  • obesity is common
52
Q

Describe the preventative medicine plan for rabbits

A

Myxomatosis
- swollen eyelids and genitals
Rabbit viral haemorrahagic disease (RHD/VHD/RVHD)
- strain 1 = acute death with bleeding
- strain 2 = vague signs (often GI then death)
Combined vaccine given from 5 weeks
Ectoparasite prevention

53
Q

Describe the preventative medicine plan for rodents

A

Annual health check
Reproductive control
Ectoparasite control if required

54
Q

Describe the preventative medicine plan for ferrets

A

Distemper vaccination - for at risk ferrets
Rabies vaccine if travelling
Reproductive control
Parasite treatment

BVM1 - Animal Husbandry (12 decks)

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