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Sp: Coexisting I > 2. Respiratory Restrictive > Flashcards

2. Respiratory Restrictive Flashcards

1
Q

restrictive lung disease

A

inability to increase lung volume

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2
Q

restrictive lung disease causes

A

decr lung expansion
decr lung compliance

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3
Q

mild RLD

A

65-80%

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4
Q

mod RLD

A

50-65%

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5
Q

sev RLD

A

< 50%

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6
Q

RLD DLCO

A

reduced DLCO

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7
Q

do you need to change induction or mx drugs for RLD

A

no

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8
Q

regional anesthesia for RLD

A

good choice
avoid sensory/motor T10 block

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9
Q

acute intrinsic

A

pulm edema
ARDS

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10
Q
A

pulm edema

batwing

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11
Q
A

normal

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12
Q

which xray shows a batwing

A

pulm edema

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13
Q
A

atelectasis due to right mainstem

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14
Q
A

atelectasis with tracheal deviation and mainstem

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15
Q
A

pneumothorax

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16
Q
A

pneumonia

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17
Q

pulm edema goal

A

optimize cardiorespiratory function

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18
Q

pule edema respiration

A

mechanical vent with PEEP
RR 14-18
PIP < 30 cmH2O

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19
Q

ARDS

A

inflammatory injury to lung that results in acute respiratory failure

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20
Q

Berlin definition of ARDS

A

oxygenation
timing
imaging

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21
Q

mild oxygenation

A

200 < PaO2/FiO2

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22
Q

mod oxygenation

A

100 < PaO2/FiO2

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23
Q

severe oxygenation

A

PaO2/FiO2

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24
Q

how is oxygenation calculated

A

with CPAP or PEEP of at least 5 cm H2O

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25
Q

ARDS timing of onset

A

within 7 days of known clinical insult

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26
Q

ARDS imaging results

A

bilateral opacities not explained by other cuases

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27
Q

ARDS management

A

fix the cuase

28
Q

ARDS TV management

A

4-6mL/kg (lower is more protective)
minimize FiO2

29
Q

chronic intrinsic RLD

A

pulm fibrosis
sacroidoiss
pneumonia
bronchopulmonary dysplasia

30
Q

sarcoidosis

A

systemic granulomatous disease
can cause endobronchial and endotracheal granulomas

(fibrosis of lungs and larynx)

31
Q

IRLD have ____ FRC

A

small FRC

32
Q

IRLD anesthetic uptake

A

faster bc lower FRC

33
Q

how do you reduce barotrauma

A

decr PIP

34
Q

extrinsic lung disease

A

disorder of thoracic cage interfereing with lung expansion

35
Q

ELD conditions

A

ankylosing spondylitits
flail chest
scoliosis
kyphosis

36
Q

kyphosis

A

anterior flexion

37
Q

lordosis

A

posterior flexion

38
Q

ankylosing spondylossi

A

vertebral body fusion
kyphotic spine

39
Q

kyphoscoliosis causes

A

> 70 degrees: incr risk of resp dysfunction
100 deg: severe

40
Q

flail chest

A

multiple rib fractures (3+) causing paradoxical chest wall movement

41
Q

flail chest compliance

A

decr

42
Q

flail chest TV and FRC

A

decr TV
decr FRC

43
Q

flail chest work of breathing

A

incr

44
Q

pleural effusion

A

accumulation of fluid in pleural space

45
Q

pleural effusion diagnosis

A

xray
or
CT

46
Q

hemothorax

A

blood

47
Q

chylothorax

A

lymph

48
Q

empyema

A

pus

49
Q

hydrothorax

A

serous liquid

50
Q

pleural effusion treatment

A

thoracentesis

51
Q
A

pleural effusion xray

52
Q
A

pleural effusion CT

53
Q

pneumothroax

A

air in pleural space

54
Q

2 causes of pnuemo

A

spontaneous - no known lung pathology
secondary - know lung pathology

55
Q

tension pneumo

A

air enters during inspiration but cant escape during expiration
incr pressure in pleural space

56
Q
A

pnuemothorax

57
Q

what indicates tension pneumo in awake pt

A

resp distress
incr RR
sob
hypoxia
tachycardia
hyptension
decr breath sounds on one side

58
Q

indications of tension pneumo in mech vent patient

A

incr PIP
decr TV on Pressure control

59
Q

tension pneumo treatment

A

needle decompression
chest tube
100% FiO2

60
Q

mediastinal mass complications

A

CV collapse
airway collapse

61
Q

mediastinal mass can compress

A

trachea
brochus
SVC

62
Q

what position should you induce pt in for mediastinal mass

A

sitting position

63
Q

airway managment for media stinal mass

A

awake fiberoptic
or
rigid bronchoscope

64
Q

spinal cord injury below C4

A

impaired cough
loss of abdomial tone = loss of diaphragm efficiency

65
Q

obesity causes

A

decr FEV1
decr FVC
decr FRC
decr ERV

66
Q

when if FRC less than closing capacity

A

BMI > 40

67
Q

what corresponds to respiratory compromised

A

waist to hip ratio

Sp: Coexisting I (11 decks)

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