2: Personality

Question 1

personality

Answer 1

organization of characteristics– think, feel , behave
differentiate from others
consistently across time and situations

Question 2

disposition

Answer 2

relating to particular types of people or outcomes

Question 3

trait

Answer 3

relatively stable characteristic/quality over time and situation

Question 4

states

Answer 4

momentary thoughts, feelings, behaviours depending on time and situation

Question 5

describe Cattell’s model of trait personality

Answer 5

abstractedness
apprehension
dominance
emotional stability
liveliness
openness to change
perfectionism
reasoning
rule consciousness
self reliance
social boldness
sensitivty
tension
vigilance
warmth

Question 6

describe Digman model of personality (The Trait Approach)

Answer 6

The Big Five

1. Openmindness: curiousity
2. Conscientious: Striving, self disipline
3. Extraversion: high energy
4. Agreeable: compliance, energy towards others
5. Neuroticism: nervousness

Question 7

human psychology

Answer 7

psychological approach that focusses on personal responsibility, human growth, personal striving, indiviual dignity
-emphasized in present moment

Question 8

self actualization

Answer 8

indiviual attempt to be the best or desire to fulfill one’s potential

Question 9

Describe Maslow’s hierchy of needs pyramid

Answer 9

-When basic human needs are met, we strive to meet higher needs

Physiological needs (water, food, shelter)
Safety needs
Social needs (feelings of belonging, connections with others)
Esteem needs: self respect and achievement
Self actualization: constant striving to reach/exceed potential

Question 10

self efficacy

Answer 10

belief in one’s ability to achieve outcome/goal

Question 11

social learning theory

Answer 11

people are active agents in shaping personality- based on environment and self determination
-involves observational learning: replicating, observing, retaining others behaviours
focuses on situations and indiviual reciprocate eachother

Question 12

interactionist approach

Answer 12

interplay between person factors - behaviour - situation

Question 13

ethical principles

Answer 13

guidelines that shape professional judgement and guidelines

Question 14

ethical principles

Answer 14

put in place so we dont harm person’s psychological state

Question 15

describe risk taking

Answer 15

risk taking: narrowing margin of safety (physically and psychologically)
-sensation seeking: seeking sensations, willingness to take risk for experience

Question 16

describe competitiveness

Answer 16

desire to engage and strive for sucess
3 dimensions:
-commpetitiveness
-win orientation (focus on interpersonal standards and winning)
-goal orientations (personal standards)

Question 17

describe the dimensions of perfectionism

Answer 17

personal standards perfectionism
-high performance standards
-self motivation
-adaptive function
-associated with adaptive functioning in sports outcomes
evaluated concerns perfectionism
-negavtive social evaluation
-excessive self  control
-concern over mistakes
-self doubt leds to procrastination
-higher burnout rate in athletes

Question 18

describe the dimensions of passion

Answer 18

harmonious
-part of one’s identity/pleasure of activty
-positive emotions, disengageable, well being, effective decision making
obcessive
-uncontrolled urges to avoid guilt

Question 19

describe the dimensions of mental toughness

Answer 19

personality trait that allowed athletes to cope with competition demands
the 4C model
-confidence to overcome
-challenge to overcome
-committment to achieve
-control over experience

Question 20

describe the 3 categories of mental toughness

Answer 20

1. strong self confidence/motivation
2. ability to manage stress of competition and traiinging
3. regain focus

Question 21

industriousness-ambition

Answer 21

trait comprising aspects of achievement striving self discipline`

Question 22

type A personality

Answer 22

ambition, low patience, competitiveness, high organization, hostility with agitated behaivour patterns

Question 23

activity

Answer 23

triat involving a general tendency for a fast lifestyle, high energy, fast talking, keeping busy