2- Panglossian Flashcards
Two authors:
Gould & Lewontin / Mayr, Ernst
Point of Gould & Lewontin?
Adaptation is reductive.
Point of Mayr?
Adaptation is an open system.
Mayr quote Dobzhansky “adaptation favors WHAT in WHERE”
adapatation favours genotype in whole environment
Gradualism vs. … ? (not catastrophism)
saltationism
Are —– mechanisms part of adaptation?
non-selective
Darwin’s theory of inheritance …
just blending of cladogram (pangenesis)
Huxley …
Darwin’s bull-dog. Bred plants. Told him that Pangenesis more complex
August Weisman noted the differences between …
Mitosis and meiosis
August Weisman noted that ——– cannot be —- …
acquired traits cannot be inherited
Mendel 3 laws of inheritance
- segregation of alleles 2. independent assortment of alleles 3. dominance of alleles
Hugo de Vries (early 1900’s)
rediscovered Mendel’s work
Thomas H. Morgan - radiated what …
fruit flies.
Thomas H. Morgan concluded that it is not Natural Selection but …
mutation
Thomas H. Morgan emphasized mutation with Nat Sel as a …
sieve
starting in the 1940s …
Modern Evolutionary Synthesis
In Modern Evo Synthesis, there are 2 camps. Geneticists and …
Naturalists …
Dobzhansky defined ____ as outside of ______
gene drift & flow outside of natural selection
Ernst Mayr - wanted a holistic view of organism. Called other geneticists:
bean bag geneticists
George Simpson … evo is not gradual. not linear. It is …
punctuated equilibrium
Watson & Crick discovered
double helix (later racists)
Rosalind Franklin was …
the one who Watson & Crick plagiarized
Moto Kimura (60s) most nucleotides are …
neutral. influenced by gene drift. not founder effects.
Stephen Jay Gould deduced what from observing snails in the Caribbean …
Punctuated equilibrium. Snails SUDDENLY move to new area. Then change rapidly. Then stagnate.
The (classical) Modern / Adaptationist VS. the Extended Evolutionary Synthesis is resolved by (Kimura)
“neutral evolution”
Cusped incisors linked to …
vitamin D in milk / vitamin D metabolism / AND milk ducts in breasts
Who was Karl Popper?
Developed a technique of falsifiability / making more theories more “scientific” /
