2 Knee joint Flashcards
Which bone is not associated with the knee joint?
Fibula.
Why is knee flexion lost in hip extension?
Loss of tension in hamstrings.
When can rotation of the knee occur?
Knee is flexed and collateral ligaments are relaxed.
Which muscle unlocks the knee and how?
Popliteus laterally rates the femur.
When is the knee most stable?
In extension.
What are the menisci?
2 c shaped rings of fibrocartilage which are thicker at the external margins.
What are the functions of the menisci? (4).
Increase joint congruence.
Distribute weight evenly.
Shock absorption.
Assist in locking mechanism.
What does the medial meniscus attach to?
Tibial collateral ligament.
What is meniscal tear damage associated with?
Osteoarthirits.
Poor blood supply - heals slowly.
What are the attachments of the cruciate ligaments of the knee?
What do they prevent?
Posterior: post to medial femoral condyle. Hyperflexion.
Anterior: ant to lateral femoral condyle. Hyperextension.
What are the actions of the collateral ligaments of the knee?
Tibial (medial) prevents abduction.
Fibular (lateral) prevents adduction.
Both prevent rotation during extension.
What is the unhappy triad of knee injuries?
When does it occur?
Tibial collateral, medial meniscal and anterior cruciate damage.
When flexed knees are twisted.
Which muscles stabilise the knee?
Quadriceps. Hamstrings. Sartorius. Gracilis. Iliotibial tract .
Which muscle conteracts dislocation of the patella?
Vests medialis.
Why is patella dislocation more common in females?
Greater Q angle in females due to wide pelvis.
