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D322 - Introduction to IT > 2. Introduction to information Technology > Flashcards

2. Introduction to information Technology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four main functions of an IT department?

A
  1. User support
  2. Data and information management
  3. Networks
  4. System integration
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2
Q

The ____ exposes publicly-available resources.

A

internet

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3
Q

The ____ shares information that is intended for an organization and third-party organizations or individuals.

A

extranet

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4
Q

The ____ shares resources that are intended only for people within an organization.

A

intranet

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5
Q

What are the five commonly-recognized IT disciplines?

A
  1. Computer engineering
  2. Computer science
  3. Software engineering
  4. Information systems
  5. Information technology
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6
Q

____ is the IT discipline that focuses on the design of hardware systems and the software that makes them work (e.g., refrigerator software)

A

Computer engineering

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7
Q

____ is the IT discipline that addresses the design and implementation of software with an emphasis on developing effective ways to solve computing problems and creating new ways to use computers.

A

Computer science

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8
Q

____ is the IT discipline that focuses on the development and maintenance of reliable and efficient software systems.

A

Software engineering

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9
Q

____ is the IT discipline that addresses systems that generate, process, and distribute information and support organizational communication, their design, and their implementation.

A

Information systems

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10
Q

____ is the IT discipline that focuses on technology supporting information systems.

A

Information technology

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11
Q

What are the primary IT professions?

A
  1. Administrators (system, network, database, security, web)
  2. Architects (cloud, network, automation, cybersecurity)
  3. Engineers (machine learning, software, network, cloud)
  4. Analysts (technical support, systems, data, security, cybersecurity specialist, technical consultant)
  5. Other: project managers, web developers, software testers, technical sales
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12
Q

What are the components of the data pyramid, beginning from the bottom?

A
  1. Data
  2. Information
  3. Knowledge
  4. Wisdom
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13
Q

Information is associated with the term “____.”

A

meaning

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14
Q

Knowledge is associated with the term “____.”

A

context

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15
Q

____ is defined as “knowing the right thing to do.”

A

Wisdom

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16
Q

Information involves understanding ____. Knowledge involves understanding ____. Wisdom involves understanding ____.

A

relations, patterns, principles

17
Q

____ data is coded in a way that makes it easy to convert into a form usable for analysis.

A

Structured

18
Q

____ data is more complex and possibly stored in a format that is not easily decoded

A

Unstructured

19
Q

PII stands for ___.

A

Personally identifiable information (SSNs, names, etc.)

19
Q

____ is a large collection of data incapable of being processed by previous generations of analytical tools.

A

Big data

20
Q

What are the three core variations of cloud-based systems?

A
  1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): client is responsible for licensing the OS, managing the backend, and networking. Provides access in a virtualized environment, and the computing resources are composed of virtualized hardware (network connections, load balancers, etc.)
  2. Platform as a Service (PaaS): the cloud service is responsible for licensing the OS, managing the backend, and networking. Enables quicker development lifecycles; the majority of processing happens in the cloud.
  3. Software as a Service (SaaS): Software is licensed to customers with subscriptions and central hosting.
21
Q

Data ____ refers to making sure that data is clean

A

hygiene

22
Q

The process of amending or removing bad data is known as ____.

A

data scrubbing

23
Q

The four main functions of computer systems is described by the ____ model.

A

IPOS (Input, Processing, Output, Storage)

24
Q

The users of a computer system are sometimes referred to as ____.

A

liveware

25
Q

What is the name for computer components that share software and data between hardware and software components?

A

Middleware

26
Q

What are the two types of network design?

A
  1. Peer-to-peer
  2. Client-to-server
27
Q

What are the two different types of network topology?

A
  1. Physical topology (the actual layout of how systems are placed in the network)
  2. Logical topology (indicates how the data actually flows)
28
Q

What are the four most common network topology layouts?

A
  1. Bus
  2. Star
  3. Ring
  4. Mesh
29
Q

What is the most common networking protocol?

A

TCP/IP

30
Q

What are the five attributes of quality data?

A

Quality data is:
1. Precise
2. Valid
3. Reliable
4. Timely
5. Complete

D322 - Introduction to IT (7 decks)

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