2 - Intro to ID

Question 1

Define:

is a branch of medicine that concerns the research of the causes, distribution, and control of diseases as they relate to a particular population

Answer 1

EPIDEMIOLOGY

Populations in epidemiology:
deals with groups of people rather than individual patients

Question 2

Number of new cases in a given time period expressed as percent infected per year

Answer 2

INCIDENCE

Question 3

• *Number of cases at a given time** expressed as
• *a percent at a given time**.

Answer 3

PREVALENCE

Prevalence is a product of
incidence x duration of disease

Question 4

Disease Present in a population
@
ALL TIMES

Answer 4

ENDEMIC Disease

Question 5

• *Disease occourence** among a population that is in
• *EXCESS** of what is expected in a
• *given time & place**

Answer 5

EPIDEMIC Disease

Question 6

Worldwide epidemic,
a disease that spreads across regions

Answer 6

PANDEMIC DISEASE

Question 7

An infection with no clinical symptoms,
usually diagnosed by
serological (antibody) response or culture

Answer 7

SubClinical Infection
Inapparent

Question 8

Epidemiologic Triad

Answer 8

AGENT

HOST
Person or Animalthat affordssubsitence or lodgementto aninfectious agentundernatural conditions

ENVIRONMENT

Question 9

Any person, animal, arthropod, plant, soil, or substance, in which an infectious agent normally lives and multiplies

Which reproduces itself in such a manner that it can be transmitted to a susceptible host

Answer 9

RESERVOIR

Question 10

• *Any living carrier** that transports an infectious agent from an
• *infected individual** or its wastes

to a
susceptible individual or its food or immediate surroundings

Answer 10

VECTOR

Question 11

RATE FORMULA

Answer 11

Rate (%) = #of cases / population@risk x 100%

• the number of cases of the illness or condition
• the size of the population at risk
• the period during which we are calculating the rate

Question 12

Infectious Diseases Spread by

AIR

Answer 12

1. Tuberculosis
2. Influenza
3. Childhood Infections
   * *Measles, mumps, rubella, pertussis**
4. Parainfluenza
5. RSV
6. Legionella

Question 13

Infectious Diseases Spread by:
FOOD or WATER

Answer 13

1. Salmonellosis
2. Campylobacter
3. Shigellosis
4. Botulism food poisoning
5. Staphylococcal enterotoxin food poisoning
6. Cholera
7. Giardiasis
8. Listeriosis

Question 14

• *Infectious Diseases spread by:**
• *CONTACT**

Answer 14

1.Sexually transmitted diseases
Syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, AIDS

2. Staphylococcal infections
3. Streptococcal infections
4. Many nosocomial infections
5. Rhinovirus colds
6. Brucellosis (slaughter house contact)
7. Hepatitis B virus infection