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PDAT6 ID > 1 - Review of Microbiology > Flashcards

1 - Review of Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Sterile Sites
Areas where there are no bacteria living
NO NEED TO TREAT THESE AREAS

A

CNS

CV System

Upper Respiratory Tract

Bones / Joints

URINARY TRACT

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2
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Pharyngitis

A

Group A Streptococci

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3
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Acute Sinusitis

A

S. Pneumoniae

  • *H. Influenzae**
  • also Epiglottitis*

M. Catarrhalis

Same for all 4:
Otitis / Bronchitis / Acute Sinusitis / Pneumonia+

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4
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Otitis

A

S. Pneumoniae

  • *H. Influenzae**
  • also Epiglottitis*

M. Catarrhalis

Same for all 4:
Otitis / Bronchitis / Acute Sinusitis / Pneumonia+

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5
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Bronchitis

A

S. Pneumoniae

  • *H. Influenzae**
  • also Epiglottitis*

M. Catarrhalis

Same for all 4:
Otitis / Bronchitis / Acute Sinusitis / Pneumonia+

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6
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Pneumonia

A
  • *S. Pneumoniae / H. Influenzae /** M. Catarrhalis
  • Same for all 4:
  • Otitis / Bronchitis / Acute Sinusitis / Pneumonia+**

M. TUBERCULOSIS

MYCOPLASMA

VIRAL

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7
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

CHRONIC Sinusitis

A

Anaerobes

  • *S. Aureus**
  • also HAP & VAP*
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8
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Epiglottitis

A

H. Influenzae

also Acute Sinusitis

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9
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Hospital Acquired Pneumonia
HAP & VAP

A
  • *S. Aureus**
  • also Chronic Sinusitis*

Gram NEG Bacteria Pseudomonas

Acinetobacter

  • *Klebsiela**
  • often RESISTANT*
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10
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Endocarditis - Subacute

A

S. Viridans

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11
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Endocarditis - ACUTE (IVDA)

A

S. Aureus

Gram NEG rods

Enterococcus

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12
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Endocarditis - Acute
(Prosthetic Valve)

A

S. Epidermidis

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13
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Osteomyelitis / Septic Arthritis

A

S. Aureus

Streptococci

Gram NEG Rods

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14
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Community UTI

A

E. Coli

Enterococcus

K. Pneumoniae

S. Epidermidis

S. Aureus

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15
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Hospital - UTI

A

Enterococcus

E. Coli
Resistant Gram Negative Rods

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16
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Skin & Soft Tissue Infections

A

Gram POS Bacteria

Staph & Strep

17
Q

Infections & Suspected Organisms of:

Intra-Abdominal Infections

A

B. Fragilis

E. Coli

Enterococcus

18
Q

Organism Classification:

Gram POS Cocci

A

S. Aureus

S. Epidermidis

Streptococci

SSS - Pos Cocci

19
Q

Organism Classification:

Gram NEG Cocci

A

Gonococcus

Meningococcus

GM -Gram Neg Cocci

20
Q

Organism Classification:

Gram POS Bacilli

A

Anthrax

Listeria Monocytogenes

Clostridium Perfringens

Corynebacterium Diptheria

ALCC - Pos Bacilli

21
Q

Organism Classification:

Gram NEG Bacilli

A

BH - FAP + Enterobacteraciae

Bacteroides

Haemophilus

Fusobacterium

Acinetobacter

Pseudomonas

E. Coli / Enterobacter / Klebsiella

22
Q

Organism Classification:

Enterobacteraciae

A

GRAM NEG BACILLI
BH-FAP+Enterobacteraciae

E. Coli

Enterobacter

Klebsiella

EEK
can be resistant to 5 drugs

23
Q

Organism Classification:

Anaerobes

A

PCB = People Cant Breathe
ANAEROBES

Peptostreptococcus

Clostridium spp.

Bacteroides spp.

24
Q

Molecular Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs)

Culture Independent

A

Direct Antigen Detection Tests
POC tests for respiratory viruses & group A strep

NAATs = Nucleic Acid Amp Tests

Syndromic multiplex PCR panels

PCR-based direct detection

25
Q

Molecular Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs)

Culture Dependent

A

Rapid BioChem IDentification

MALDI-TOF-MS
Proteomic ID

Blood Culture IDentification
BCID microarrays / PNA-Fish

Rapid Phenotypic AST

NAAT detection

26
Q

Biological Confirmation
of Rapid Diagnostic Test (1-2 hours)

A

Requires lb with minimul culture / immunoassay equipment

Requires time:
Bacterial culture = 24-72 hours
ID = 4-24 Hours
AB susceptibility testing = 24 hrs
ELISA = 2-4 hours

27
Q

Fungi Classification:

YEAST = Candida spp.

A

Single-celled fungi

Flourish in moist environments
&
often part of normal flora (GI tract & female genital tract)

28
Q

Fungi Classification:

Molds = Aspergillus

A

Multicellular

Dermatophytes
Trichophyton spp. Microsporum spp. Fusarium

Found in:
Soil / Food / Decomposing organic matter

29
Q

Fungi Classification:

  • *Dimorphic Fungi**
  • *Blastomyces / Histoplasma**
A

Capable to grow as
EITHER
Mold or Yeast

30
Q

Infections Caused by
Dermatophytes

A

Scalp Ringworm = Tinea Capitis

Beard Ringworm = Tinea Barbae

Tinea Versicolor

Tinea Corpori

Tinea Pedis / Athletes foot

31
Q

Parasitic Diseases

2 Groups

A

Protozoan
Malaria / Amebiasis / Giardiasis / Toxoplasmosis
Leishmaniasis / Trypanosomiasis

Helminthic
WORMS
Enterobiasis = Pinworm // Cestodiasis = Tapeworm
Ascariasis = Roundworm // Trichuriasis = Whipworm

32
Q

Routes by Which Humans Acquire Parasitic Infections

A

EYES
Contact & Penetration

Inhalation

Vector-Borne
from bugs / mosquitos / flies

Fecal-Oral Ingestion

SKIN
COntact & penetration

Sexual Contact

33
Q
  • *Ascaris Lumbricoides**
  • *GIANT ROUND WORM**
A

1 of the most common:
Intestinal Worm Infections

Associated with:
Poor personal hygiene / sanitation
human feces = fertilizer

34
Q

Prion Disease

A

Prion = Infectious Proteins

Normal body proteins –> alternate configuration
from contact w/ other prion proteins

no DNA or RNA

Most common in humans/mammals = PrP

Prion forms insoluble deposits in BRAIN –> neurons rapidly degenerate

35
Q

Human Prion Diseases

A
  • *CJD**
  • *Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease**

vCJD

Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Syndrome

Fatal Familial Insomnia

KURU
brain eating in New Guinea

36
Q

Animal Prion Diseases

A

MAD COW DISEASE

  • *BSE**
  • *Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy**
  • *CWD**
  • *Chronic Wasting Disease**

Scrapie

Transmissible mink / Feline Spongiform / Ungulate Spongiform
ENCEPHALOPATHIES

PDAT6 ID (31 decks)

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