2 - Incontinence Flashcards
To diagnose true urinary incontinence these 2 factors must be true:
- intact micturition physiology
- ability to toilet oneself
What is the main risk factor for urinary incontinence in male highlighted in class?
- prostate disease (surgery, radiation)
What are the 2 main risk factors for urinary incontinence in females highlighted in class?
- increased parity
- modes of delivery (vaginal)
What is urge incontinence and what causes it?
- when a patient experiences the urge to void immediately preceding involuntary leaking of urine
- it is due to detrusor over activity
What is the main cause of stress incontinence in males vs females?
- males = prostate surgery
- females = urethral hypermobility d/t to weak pelvic floor muscles
*both cause poor urethral sphincter function
What is the main sign of stress incontinence?
- involuntary leakage with increases in intra-abdominal pressure
What are the 2 causes of overflow incontinence?
- impaired detrusor contractility
- bladder outlet obstruction
Nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting) is a common feature of what type of incontinence?
- overflow incontinence
If a patient has symptoms of both stress and urge incontinence what is that called?
- mixed incontinence
What is functional incontinence?
- patient is physically unable to toilet themselves in timely fashion
what are the 2 lab tests you must obtain in any patient with incontinence?
- urinalysis and culture
- renal function testing
In the post-void residual test what 2 results indicate adequate emptying?
- < 50 mL found in bladder after urination
- < 1/3 of the total voided volume
A urine volume of > ____ is considered inadequate under the post-void residual test.
150-200
Nonpharmacological management of incontinence consists of what 4 options?
- lifestyle changes
- bladder training
- biofeedback
- pelvic floor muscle exercises
What are the 2 main pharmacological treatment options of incontinence?
- alpha blockers (Tamsulosin)
- Antimuscarinic drugs (Oxybutynin)
